Timed Text: Difference between revisions
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== Links == | == Links == | ||
=== Specifications === | |||
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/TT/ Timed-Text] W3C Home Page | * [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/TT/ Timed-Text] W3C Home Page | ||
| Line 224: | Line 226: | ||
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-ttaf1-dfxp-20060427/ Timed Text (TT) Authoring Format 1.0 - Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP)] OLD W3C Working Draft 27 April 2006. | * [http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-ttaf1-dfxp-20060427/ Timed Text (TT) Authoring Format 1.0 - Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP)] OLD W3C Working Draft 27 April 2006. | ||
=== Introductions / discussions === | |||
* [http://audio-video-images.indelv.com/timed-text-the-basics.html What is Timed Text?], InDelv.com, Aug 2007. | * [http://audio-video-images.indelv.com/timed-text-the-basics.html What is Timed Text?], InDelv.com, Aug 2007. | ||
* [http://livedocs.adobe.com/flash/9.0/main/00000611.html Timed Text Tags] (List of supported tabs, Adobe Flash) | * [http://www.balisage.net/Proceedings/vol10/html/Tai01/BalisageVol10-Tai01.html WebVTT versus TTML: XML considered harmful for web captions?], Andreas Tai, Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik, Munich in Balisage: The Markup Conference 2013. | ||
=== Vendor documentation === | |||
* [http://livedocs.adobe.com/flash/9.0/main/00000611.html Timed Text Tags] (dead link) | |||
* [http://help.adobe.com/en_US/as3/components/WS5b3ccc516d4fbf351e63e3d118a9c65b32-7ee5.html Use Timed Text captions] (List of supported tabs, Adobe Flash) | |||
Revision as of 16:59, 27 May 2015
Definition
“The Timed-Text specification should cover all necessary aspects of timed text on the Web. Typical applications of timed text are the real time subtitling of foreign-language movies on the Web, captioning for people lacking audio devices or having hearing impairments, karaoke, scrolling news items or teleprompter applications.” (Timed-Text, retrieved 18:16, 27 September 2007 (MEST)).
Timed text (also called TTML or simply TT) is quite a complex format, but in some contexts (e.g. Flash captioning) understanding of a small subset will do.
See also: WebVTT (another, similar standard)
Typical applications
According to this:
- Subtitles of movies on the Web (foreign languages)
- Captions for people lacking audio devices or having hearing disabilities
- Karaoke
- Scrolling news, credits rolls
- TickerTape, marquee, "crawls"
- Text overlay
- TelePrompter
Related formats and software
Timed Text is supported to various degrees by various software, e.g.
- Flash
- Real Player
There is also an interaction with other formats, e.g.
TTML in iTunes
Apple usesiTunes Timed Text (iTT) which is a subset of TTML, Version 1.0
TTML in Flash CS3/4/5/6/CC
Flash CS3 and later versions support a subset of the W3C Working Draft 27 April 2006
Adobe's manual and example
I find the documentation in Flash CS3 a bit sloppy. Also, I don't think that id's should be numbers. In addition, I tried to validate the Adobe example against both the candidate specification and the older April version and it doesn't validate. Maybe it's no only Adobe's fault, but I really don't like situations where you are supposed to use a standard and where examples given don't match standards.
Here is the example from the Using Timed Text captions in the Flash CS5 Documentation (probably the same as the CS3 one):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<tt xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1#styling">
<head>
<styling>
<style id="1" tts:textAlign="right"/>
<style id="2" tts:color="transparent"/>
<style id="3" style="2" tts:backgroundColor="white"/>
<style id="4" style="2 3" tts:fontSize="20"/>
</styling>
</head>
<body>
<div xml:lang="en">
<p begin="00:00:00.00" dur="00:00:03.07">I had just joined <span tts:fontFamily="monospaceSansSerif,proportionalSerif,TheOther"tts:fontSize="+2">Macromedia</span> in 1996,</p>
<p begin="00:00:03.07" dur="00:00:03.35">and we were trying to figure out what to do about the internet.</p>
<p begin="00:00:06.42" dur="00:00:03.15">And the company was in dire straights at the time.</p>
<p begin="00:00:09.57" dur="00:00:01.45">We were a CD-ROM authoring company,</p>
<p begin="00:00:11.42" dur="00:00:02.00">and the CD-ROM business was going away.</p>
<p begin="00:00:13.57" dur="00:00:02.50">One of the technologies I remember seeing was Flash.</p>
<p begin="00:00:16.47" dur="00:00:02.00">At the time, it was called <span tts:fontWeight="bold" tts:color="#ccc333">FutureSplash</span>.</p>
<p begin="00:00:18.50" dur="00:00:01.20">So this is where Flash got its start.</p>
<p begin="00:00:20.10" dur="00:00:03.00">This is smart sketch running on the <span tts:fontStyle="italic">EU-pin computer</span>,</p>
<p begin="00:00:23.52" dur="00:00:02.00">which was the first product that FutureWave did.</p>
<p begin="00:00:25.52" dur="00:00:02.00">So our vision for this product was to</p>
<p begin="00:00:27.52" dur="00:00:01.10">make drawing on the computer</p>
<p begin="00:00:29.02" dur="00:00:01.30" style="1">as <span tts:color="#ccc333">easy</span> as drawing on paper.</p>
</div>
</body>
</tt>
A Timed Text DTD (mini DTD!)
<!-- mini-tt.dtd
Mini Timed TEXT DTD for use with Flash CS3
Version 0.9 Sept 27 2007
Copyright: Freeware
Daniel K. Schneider, TECFA, http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Timed_Text
Disclaimer: It's not complete, I don't understand Timed Text
I find Adobe's doc shaky. My only claim is that this validates their example ;)
-->
<!ELEMENT tt (head, body)>
<!ATTLIST tt xmlns CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1">
<!ATTLIST tt xml:lang CDATA #FIXED "en">
<!ATTLIST tt xmlns:tts CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1#styling">
<!ELEMENT head (styling?)>
<!ELEMENT styling (style*)>
<!ELEMENT style EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST style
style CDATA #IMPLIED
id CDATA #REQUIRED
tts:backgroundColor CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:color CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:fontFamily CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:fontSize CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:fontStyle (normal|italic|inherit) "inherit"
tts:fontWeight CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:textAlign (left|right|center|start|end|inherit) "inherit"
tts:wrapOption (wrap|noWrap|inherit) "inherit"
>
<!ELEMENT body (div)>
<!ELEMENT div (p*)>
<!ATTLIST div xml:lang CDATA #FIXED "en">
<!ELEMENT p (#PCDATA|span)*>
<!ATTLIST p
begin CDATA #REQUIRED
dur CDATA #IMPLIED
end CDATA #IMPLIED
style CDATA #IMPLIED
>
<!ELEMENT span (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST span
tts:backgroundColor CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:color CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:fontFamily CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:fontSize CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:fontStyle (normal|italic|inherit) "inherit"
tts:fontWeight CDATA #IMPLIED
tts:textAlign (left|right|center|start|end|inherit) "inherit"
tts:wrapOption (wrap|noWrap|inherit) "inherit"
>
I then made this mini DTD that should help you writing these files. Disclaimer:
- I made it in 30 minutes and I hate computers and don't know how to use them.
- Adobe probably implements more features, but this should do for starters.
Notes about attributes:
- id
- Attributes of the style element can't be ID attributes the way they are used. Same holds for the style attribute of p element and that can refer to one of the styles defined in the styling section.
- color
- Either use a the typical #RRGGBB hex notation
- or choose from white | black | silver | grey | maroon | red | purple | fuchsia | magenta | green | lime | olive | yellow | navy | blue | teal | aqua | cyan | transparent
- FontFamily
- Choose from a combination of monospace, sansSerif, serif, monospaceSansSerif, monospaceSerif, proportionalSansSerif
- Duration
- Choose from of these formats:
00:03:00.1 (hours:minutes:seconds:milliseconds) 03:00.1 (minutes:seconds:milliseconds) 10 (seconds)
A Template and example
Template using my mini DTD
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE tt SYSTEM "mini-tt.dtd">
<tt xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1#styling">
<head>
<styling>
</styling>
</head>
<body>
<div xml:lang="en">
<p begin="1" dur="4">Let's start</p>
</div>
</body>
</tt>
Example that works, see Flash video component tutorial for more.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE tt SYSTEM "mini-tt.dtd">
<tt xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/2006/04/ttaf1#styling">
<head>
<styling>
<style id="title" tts:backgroundColor="transparent" tts:color="red" tts:fontSize="24"/>
</styling>
</head>
<body>
<div xml:lang="en">
<p begin="0" dur="9" style="title">Daniel's Office</p>
<p begin="5" dur="4">My Palm Tree (from NYC)</p>
<p begin="10" dur="13" style="title">Books ....</p>
<p begin="11" dur="7">My Bookshelf</p>
<p begin="18" dur="5">My favorite Flash Drawing <span tts:color="red">Book</span></p>
<p begin="24" dur="16" style="title">Computers ....</p>
<p begin="25" dur="5">My DELL XPS Laptop Flash machine</p>
<p begin="30" dur="5">My <span tts:backgroundColor="yellow" tts:color="black">Ubuntu Linux workstation</span></p>
<p begin="35" dur="5"><span tts:backgroundColor="transparent"></span>Working hard on Flash Tutorials using the Xemacs Editor</p>
<p begin="40" dur="4">The outside (not my bike)</p>
</div>
</body>
</tt>
Flash CS6 and examples
- Flash video captions tutorial
- Examples files are the same as for CS3 below...
Flash CS3 and examples
- Flash CS3 video component tutorial
- flash-cs3-video-simple-server-caption2.html
- Grab the flash-cs3-video-video-simple-server-caption2.* files from
Links
Specifications
- Timed-Text W3C Home Page
- Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0. W3C Recommendation 18 November 2010
- Timed Text (TT) Authoring Format 1.0 - Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP) OLD W3C Working Draft 27 April 2006.
Introductions / discussions
- What is Timed Text?, InDelv.com, Aug 2007.
- WebVTT versus TTML: XML considered harmful for web captions?, Andreas Tai, Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik, Munich in Balisage: The Markup Conference 2013.
Vendor documentation
- Timed Text Tags (dead link)
- Use Timed Text captions (List of supported tabs, Adobe Flash)