Page Forms

Draft

This article or section is currently under construction

In principle, someone is working on it and there should be a better version in a not so distant future.
If you want to modify this page, please discuss it with the person working on it (see the "history")

Don't trust anything yet - Daniel K. Schneider 18:01, 26 August 2011 (CEST) !!!

Introduction

Semantic Forms is an Mediawiki extension for the Semantic MediaWiki extension.

Semantic Forms is an extension to MediaWiki that allows users to add, edit and query data using forms. It is heavily tied in with the Semantic MediaWiki extension, and is meant to be used for structured data that has semantic markup. Having Semantic MediaWiki installed is a precondition for the Semantic Forms extension; the code will not work without it (and you must have version 1.4 or higher of SMW).

Very simply, Semantic Forms allows you to have forms for adding, editing and querying data on your wiki, without any programming. Forms can be created and edited not just by administrators, but by users themselves.

The main components of Semantic Forms functionality are form definition pages, which exist in a new namespace, 'Form:'. These are pages consisting of markup code which gets parsed when a user goes to add or edit data. Since forms are defined strictly through these definition pages, users can themselves create and edit forms, without the need for any actual programming.

(Extension:Semantic Forms, retrieved 13:30, 25 August 2011 (CEST))

The semantic forms extension is very complex and requires a bit of technical background in both knowledge representation and markup languages. However, a few special pages can help with creation of various items needed to define a form and the underlying semantic data structures.

Principles

Workflow for creating a form

A form is usually made for creating object of a given type, i.e. a class. The form itself relies on pre-defined properties and mediawiki templates. Without these, the form won't work !

1. Define properties that will represent the data structure of "classes". For each property a page in the property: namespace will be created. Thus, properties also can be documented.
2. Create MediaWiki templates, one for each class. Think of an object as the set of properties that you could define with a page using a form. A template defines a shortcut for defining properties and values.
3. Create forms for creating objects with values. These forms will then use the templates.
4. Create categories, typically one for each form/object
5. Enable links to forms
6. Add data using forms

The easiest way of creating classes and forms from scratch is using the Special:CreateClass page. It's an all-in-one solution with a form that allows to define property names, associated form field names, property types, allowed values and a checkbox for multiple values.

Below, we shall present two examples that illustrate form creation and use. Otherwise, we suggest reading all official fine documentation (see the links section)

SMW principles

(should be moved to its own page once I get going ...)

Data in Semantic MediaWiki are defined by properties.

Each property must be created as a page in the properties namespace. E.g. to create a name property, use:

[[property:: name]]

You then can type the property. By default a property if of type page (see below). You could edit the property:your_property page and add a type declaration like this:

This is a property of type [[Has type::URL]].

The easiest way to create a property (including its page and the type declaration) is to use the form in Special:CreateProperty "special" page.

Properties do have data types, for example

• Page (a wiki page, this the value by default, i.e. if you don't define a data type a property will result in a "blue" or "red" link to a normal wiki page)
• String (a short text)
• Text (a longer text)
• Code (same but pre-formatted)
• URL (various kinds of URIs, including http://)
• Number
• Date
• Enumeration (lists of properties of all the other types)
• Boolean

The Form markup language

The markup language used by this extension uses the MediaWiki templates syntax. “Forms are defined using a set of tags that specify templates and fields within those templates. Wiki-text, and some HTML, can be freely embedded anywhere outside of the tags.” (Extension:Semantic Forms, retrieved 25 August 2011)

Forms must be created within the Form: namespace

• Example: Form:Opinion item

A somewhat minimal form definition looks like this:

Example 1

Create a class special page

The easiest way for creating relatively simple forms and templates is to start with the Special:CreateClass page. However (at least by default) it is only available to people with administrator rights.

Example 2

Let's now examine a slightly more complex example creating the data structure (properties), templates and forms in separate steps.

We shall reproduce the example referred to in the Semantic Forms documentation, i.e. the Item and associate "objects" that are defined in the Discourse DB wiki. However, we will make it quite simpler. In particular, some data just will be strings as opposed to pages.

The example includes 3 classes:

• Option item (called just Item in the original). It is defined by the four properties: Author, Was published by, Was published on, Has URL, Has Quote.
• Opinion is defined by four properties: addresses topic (a reference to a topic defined as a wiki page) and three positions a user has to choose from.
• Reference allows to refer to another option item and only has one property, refers to.

Creating properties

The easiest way to create properties is to use the Special:CreateProperty page. Alternatively you just could create a page like [[Property:XXX]] and then edit it to add data type.

When you copy forms and templates from other SWM web sites you have to be careful understanding what the property names are. Not to be confused with form field names (although they can be the same of course).

So let's create all the properties needed using the Special:CreateProperty page. By default, a property is of type page. In other words if you get a "red link" after filling in a form and you don't want one, it means that you didn't define the property or that your form isn't using the right property.

An Opinion item (called item) in the original is represented by the following properties

Property name               Type       changes from discourse db

Was written by              String     was Type=page
Was published by            String     was Type=page
Was published on            Date
Has URL			    URL
Has quote		    Text

An Opinion (simplified, in the original opinions were implemented a subpages of a page representing the topic).

Property name               Type       changes from discourse db

addresses topic             Page
is for                      String     was Type = Page
is against                  String     was Type = Page
is mixed on                 String     was Type = Page

A Opinion reference (called reference in the original) links to a prior Opinion item.

Property name               Type       changes from discourse db

refers to                  Page

Were therefore get this list of properties:

1. Property:Addresses topic
2. Property:Has URL
3. Property:Has quote
4. Property:Is against
5. Property:Is for
6. Property:Is mixed on
7. Property:Refers to
8. Property:Was published by
9. Property:Was published on
10. Property:Was written by

Create templates

For each of these classes, a template that defines (part) of its visual layout should now be created.

See:

• Template:Opinion item
• Template:Opinion
• Template:Opinion reference

Create the forms

This example uses two forms. One main form for defining opinion items. And a form that could be used to add references to other items.

Finally, you should create one (or more) forms for editing the data

See:

• Form:Opinion item
• Form:Opinion item references

Edit the category

Add:

[[Has default form::your_form-name_here]]

Example:

Pointing red links to an appropriate form

.....

Links

Homepage and download

• Extension:Semantic Forms at mediawiki.org. This page also includes a good manual.

Introductions, manuals

• Extension:Semantic Forms at mediawiki.org. This page also includes a good manual.

• Extension:Semantic Forms/Example (learning by example)

• SMW QuickReference. Includes also help for semantic drilldown and external data.

• Tips for Semantic Forms

Examples sites using this extension

• Gardenology.org - Plant & Garden Wiki Encyclopedia,
• Discourse DB
• Example of a form at placeography.org

• OER Resources

• Discourse DB
  • Create an opinion item
  • Magazine template
  • Magazines Category. It shows how to define a default form for a category.
  • Newsweek Magazine entry