Distance education

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Definition

See also: e-learning

Kinds of distance teaching

Trindade (1993) defined the following variables to define modus operandi of distance learning regimes:

1. Who Learns: population potentially covered by distance education.
2. Who Teaches: assistance and guidance of the student by the tutor/counsellor of the school, training centre or any other.
3. What To Learn: selection of courses/curricula and related contents.
4. When To Learn: period for course attendance, study and assessment.
5. Where To Learn: places wherein to study ( home, training centre, classroom, etc.).
6. How To Learn: learning methods and techniques as well as the media to be used.

Links

European distance and e-learning network

References

Handbooks and Textbooks

• Gunawardena, Charlotte Nirmalani and Marina Stock McIsaac (accessed 16:57, 11 May 2006 (MEST)). Distance education. In D. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research for educational communications and technology. On-line version at http://www.aect.org/. Maybe there is an older version in the book (Second edition. New York: NY: Macmillan, pp. 403-437.)

• Moore, Michael G. and William G. Anderson (eds.) (2003). Handbook of Distance Education, Mahwah: Erlbaum, ISBN 0805839240

Studies

• Lou, Yiping, Robert M. Bernard and Philip C. Abrami (2006). Media and Pedagogy in Undergrade Distance Education: A Theory-based Meta-Analysis of Empirical Literature. Educational Technology Research and Development 54 (2), 141-176 ISSN 1042-1629

• Hara, Noriko and Rob Kling (2000). Students' Distress with a Web-based Distance Education Course, Preprint. Published in Information, Communication & Society 3(4): 557-579.

History

• Trindade, Armando Rocha (1993), Basics Of Distance Education, The Conceptual Panorama Of Distance Education And Training, European Distance Education Network (Eden). [1]. This older article contain is still a good primer for certain questions and history.

• James C Taylor, Distance Education Technologies : The Fourth Generation, The University of Southern Queensland, [2]. This text, dated ??? also provides historical insight. It must have been written in the mid-nineties.