Digital audio: Difference between revisions
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m (New page: {{Stub}} == Encoding formats == * MP3 * WMA * OGG * WAV (most often uncompressed PCM as in standard audio CDs) * AIFF == Overview of CD Formats == Most of these are called CD Rainbow Bo...) |
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== | == Audio file formats == | ||
* MP3 | {{quotation|It is important to distinguish between a file format and a [[codec]]. A codec performs the encoding and decoding of the raw audio data while the data itself is stored in a file with a specific audio file format}} ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_file_format Wikipedia]). | ||
* | |||
* | |||
* WAV (most often uncompressed PCM as in standard audio CDs) | |||
* AIFF | |||
=== Formats === | |||
; Example of lossy compression | |||
* MP3 ([[MPEG]] Layer-3) | |||
* OGG (most often with Vorbis codec, therefore know as OGG-Vorbis) | |||
; Lossless examples | |||
* WMA (Microsoft) | |||
* WAV mostly for Windows PCs. Can use several compression codecs (most often uncompressed PCM as in standard audio CDs) | |||
* AIFF (The Mac equivalent of WAV) | |||
== Overview of CD Formats == | == Overview of CD Formats == | ||
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# Red Book (CD Digital Audio). The basic standard for all CDs, including music CDs. Digital audio encoding: 2-channel signed 16-bit PCM sampled at 44,100 Hz. | # Red Book (CD Digital Audio). The basic standard for all CDs, including music CDs. Digital audio encoding: 2-channel signed 16-bit PCM sampled at 44,100 Hz. | ||
# Yellow Book (CD-ROM and CD-ROM XA). CDs | # Yellow Book (CD-ROM and CD-ROM XA). CDs for data (software) | ||
# Orange Book (CD-R and CD-RW). CDs | # Orange Book (CD-R and CD-RW). Recordable CDs | ||
# White Book (Video CD). CDs with video content that plays in most DVD players. | # White Book (Video CD). CDs with video content that plays in most DVD players. | ||
# Blue Book (Enhanced CD, CD+G, and CD-Plus). Music CDs with extra features like videos or photos. | # Blue Book (Enhanced CD, CD+G, and CD-Plus). Music CDs with extra features like videos or photos. | ||
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_fidelity High fidelity] (Wikipedia) | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_fidelity High fidelity] (Wikipedia) | ||
* [http://www.wikirecording.org/ WikiRecording.org] A wiki on recording. | |||
* [http://all-streaming-media.com/streaming-media-faq/faq-Description-of-popular-audio-formats-MP3-WMA-OGG-AAC-WAV.htm Description of popular audio formats] (Streaming media FAQ | === Information about audio file and compression formats === | ||
* [http://all-streaming-media.com/streaming-media-faq/faq-Description-of-popular-audio-formats-MP3-WMA-OGG-AAC-WAV.htm Description of popular audio formats] (Streaming media FAQ) | |||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_file_format Audio file format] | |||
* [http://www.nch.com.au/acm/index.html Wave File Compression Codecs Compared] | |||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV WAV] (Wikipedia). | |||
=== Information about CD standards === | === Information about CD standards === | ||
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* [http://www.proaudioreview.com/ ProAudio Review]. Online journal with reviews of products (some open access) | * [http://www.proaudioreview.com/ ProAudio Review]. Online journal with reviews of products (some open access) | ||
* [http://www.dvdforum.org/tech-dvdprimer.htm DVD Primer], at DVDForum, 2000 | * [http://www.dvdforum.org/tech-dvdprimer.htm DVD Primer], at DVDForum, 2000 | ||
[[Category:Multimedia]] | |||
Revision as of 20:05, 12 February 2008
Audio file formats
“It is important to distinguish between a file format and a codec. A codec performs the encoding and decoding of the raw audio data while the data itself is stored in a file with a specific audio file format” (Wikipedia).
Formats
- Example of lossy compression
- MP3 (MPEG Layer-3)
- OGG (most often with Vorbis codec, therefore know as OGG-Vorbis)
- Lossless examples
- WMA (Microsoft)
- WAV mostly for Windows PCs. Can use several compression codecs (most often uncompressed PCM as in standard audio CDs)
- AIFF (The Mac equivalent of WAV)
Overview of CD Formats
Most of these are called CD Rainbow Books (referring to the color of the specification documents)
- Red Book (CD Digital Audio). The basic standard for all CDs, including music CDs. Digital audio encoding: 2-channel signed 16-bit PCM sampled at 44,100 Hz.
- Yellow Book (CD-ROM and CD-ROM XA). CDs for data (software)
- Orange Book (CD-R and CD-RW). Recordable CDs
- White Book (Video CD). CDs with video content that plays in most DVD players.
- Blue Book (Enhanced CD, CD+G, and CD-Plus). Music CDs with extra features like videos or photos.
- Beige Book (Photo CD). Kodak's format for storing photos on a CD.
- Green Book (CD-i). Rarely used. CD-Interactive contains educational material and games.
- Purple Book (DDCD) hold more storage than CDs and require a special reader, not popular
- High Density CD (HDCD), an alternative to DDCD, not popular
- Scarlet Book (SACD). Super Audio CDs uses Direct Stream Digital (DSD) recording, a proprietary Sony/Philips format. Quality is superb but needs a special player to work. There are three separate versions, one of which includes a red-book layer so that music will also play on an old CD player.
- DVD-Audio (DVD-A) is a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) format that is specifically designed to hold high-quality audio data. An alternative to SA-CD
Links
Overviews
- Digital Audio (Wikipedia).
- High fidelity (Wikipedia)
- WikiRecording.org A wiki on recording.
Information about audio file and compression formats
- Description of popular audio formats (Streaming media FAQ)
- WAV (Wikipedia).
Information about CD standards
- Red Book (audio CD standard) (Wikipedia)
- DVD-Audio (Wikipedia)
- SA-CD FAQ. Quote: This FAQ aims to be the most comprehensive concerning SA-CD on the web, but also independent, unbiased, practical and readable
Other
- ProAudio Review. Online journal with reviews of products (some open access)
- DVD Primer, at DVDForum, 2000