Computerized embroidery

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Introduction

Computer-controlled embroidery and sewing is a kind of Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM).

Many modern sewing machines (including the ones for the home market) can be computer-controlled. Computer-controlled sewing machines are also known as computerized sewing machines. Good sewing machines can sew, stitch and quilt. I.e. you get three machines in one. Computerized embroidery machines can be a different kind of machines. However, many sewing machines can be turned into an embroidery machine by adding a hardware module. Design software exists in various form, e.g. special-purpose tools for various design stages and whole design suites. Designs are both sold and also available as open "source". Converter software between various control formats exists, however depending on your sewing machine you will have to make an effort for finding the right tool.

We probably can distinguish between the following kinds of models with respect to computer control:

• computer-controlled (directly from a computer). I imagine that these could exist in industry.
• computer-controlled (via file upload, i.e. specific firmware in the machine will read a proprietary CNC file and execute it). That's the solution existing in mid and high-end home machines (in the $500 to $10000 range). A good model (like a Swiss Bernina that can both sew and stitch will cost around CHF 3000.-). Entry-level computerized embroidery-only machines are not as frequent.
• Computer-powered, i.e. the machine will have more than a single motor and stuff is synchronized with a computer instead of complex mechanics. Typically, low and mid-end home machines.

Currently, this page focuses on links about computerized embroidery. Expect more & better wiki entries after I gained some experience with this. On May 11 I bought a machine and soon I hope to find suitable software (or software chains) for less than $2000. Daniel K. Schneider April 19 / Mai 13 2011.

See also:

• Elna 8300, the embroidery-only model we bought in may 2011.
• fab lab, an introduction to end user-created design and fabrication.

Bernina Aurora 450 with embroidery module

In computer-powered or computer-controlled home sewing machines, “the computer directly controls several different motors, which precisely move the needle bar, the tensioning discs, the feed dog and other elements in the machine. [...] The computer drives the motors at just the right speed to move the needle bar up and down and from side to side in a particular stitch pattern. Typically, the computer programs for different stitches are stored in removable memory disks or cartridges. The sewing-machine computer may also hook up to a PC in order to download patterns directly from the Internet. Some electronic sewing machines also have the ability to create complex embroidery patterns. These machines have a motorized work area that holds the fabric in place underneath the needle assembly. They also have a series of sensors that tell the computer how all of the machine components are positioned. [...] The sewer simply loads a pattern from memory or creates an original one, and the computer does almost everything else.” Computerized Sewing Machines, retrieved 13:07, 15 April 2011 (CEST). With that kind of machines, a user can focus on design and the needs to learn how to interpret orders from machine like replacing the threads.

According to Wikipedia and other sources, the first modern day computer controlled sewing machine was built by Orisol in 1987 for making shoes.

Computerized embroidery

More or less according to Wikipedia, the basic steps for creating an embroidery are as follows:

• Get or create a digitized embroidery design file preferably in some kind of editable format. Typical formats are . emb, .exe, .dst, .cnd and .fdr.
• Edit the design and/or combine with other designs (optional)
• Translate to machine executable code, i.e. a stitch file (optional if the original format machine-reable). Typical formats are .pes .art, .pes, .jef, .sew and .hus (see below)
• Load the final design file into the embroidery machine
• Stabilize the fabric and place it in the machine
• Start and monitor the embroidery machine

Creating a digitized embroidery file itself includes at least two steps

• Create a drawing in a format that will remain editable. Some software also allows to import bitmap formats.
• Then digitize (translate) to a stitching format (either a flexible so-called "commercial format" or a vendor-specific format) and add embroidery-specific information like color, stitches, fills, borders, etc.
• If needed translate to a machine-specific format (punching).

Specialized low-end software does this in two steps. Get a drawing or picture and then auto-digitize and auto-punch for a specific range of machines. Either in the middle of the process (better) or after that (limited resizing), you then also can resize, combine, rotate, etc.

Consumer hardware

We only will discuss machines that can do embroidery here for the moment.

Criteria for selecting an embroidery machine

• Overall mechanical quality
• We believe that biger hoops (frames for the embroidery area) are critical. 14x20 cm would be quite good for a mid-level machine. Many folks consider this as a must-have minimum. So-called Jumbo hoops (e.g. 40x26cm) exist on high end sewing/embroidery machines and multi-needle models. There also exist a third-party market for hoops.
• Tiny hoop (free arm hoop) for embroidering on tight places
• Stitches / minute (SPM). Should be at least 500. Typical range is between 400 and 1000.
• Built-in fonts, patterns and designs may make a difference to people who prefer designing on the machine (as opposed to using a software).
• Needle threader (puts the thread into the needle)
• Thread cutter
• Support for standard USB keys and direct PC link
• User interface quality and functionalities (should allow for simple editing like rotation, resizing, time/stitch counting, design tracing, etc.).
• Free (or cheap) software
• Slide speed control
• Automatic detection of fabric and thread tension regulation
• Sensors that will tell you if something went wrong (e.g. broken thread)
• ...

Kinds of machines

As of April 2011. Information below can change rapidly and we may not update !

With respect to sewing and embroidery functionality we could distinguish two kinds of machines:

• Sewing machines only
• Sewing machines with an embroidery module or combined sewing/embroidery machines
• Single-needle embroidery machines (only)
• Multi-needle embroidery machines

Entry and mid-level pure embroidery machines

Janome MC350 embroidery machine

There are not many entry level embroidery-only machines They work fine, but you have to change threads a lot and finishing (e.g. removing jump stitches) is more work. Also, precision will not be the same.

A typical example (as of spring 2011) of a lower mid-level embroidery-only machine is the Brother Innov-is NV 750E. It costs about CHF 1500 or € 1100 (only about $800 in the US) and has a 18x13cm embroidery area (hoop). At the time of writing this model may probably offer the best feature for money ratio. I have no idea if stitching quality is good enough.

Another popular example is the Elna 8300 and it comes with a standard 12.6x11cm hoop and a larger hoop of 20x14 cm. This Elna is the same model as the Janome MC 350 E and costs between € 1400 and 1600, i.e. about US $2000 / CHF 2300 (in a shop).

There are also cheaper models, however you may not find these in some countries. Low-end machines are often not sold in sewing shops, but in supermarkets and other mass let-outs. Good models seem to be the Brother Innov-is 90E (about € 600), the Brother PE-770 (at $670 on sale) or the Janome MC200E ($900). Even cheaper would be a Brother SE400 sewing/embroidery machine ($400).

High-end Brother Quattro 6000 / Innovis I

Most higher mid-level machines are also sewing machine (see next item).

Lower and higher Mid-level sewing/embroidery machines

The choice for mid-level combi machines is enormous and there are differences in features and large differences in prices. I wonder, if the difference in price is not necessarily in the mechanics but mostly in the built-in LCD panel and software, which someone like me would not necessarily need since I'd rather do everything on a computer.

For example, a Brother sewing/embroidery Innov-is 1500 with a 26x16cm hoop and a large LCD costs about 2.499,00 €. The Bernina Aurora 450 sewing machine plus embroidery module costs about CHF 3500. The (oval) hoop size is 25.5x14.5cm and the model has a smaller LCD, but probably better mechanics. A Husquarna Topaz 20 includes a large hoop of 36x20cm and costs about € 1800 and the Topaz 30 is about € 2200.

A higher mid-level machine would have a larger color screen, more stitches, more built-in software (both functionalities and designs). E.g. a Brother Innov-is 4000 or a Bernina Artista 640 with embroidery module would cost about CHF 6000.

High end sewing / embroidery machines

A high end-end sewing/embroidery machine like the Bernina 830 or the Brother Quattro (same as Innovis I in Europe?) are in the CHF 8-10000 price range, e.g. similar as entry-level multi-needle embroidery machines. Some brand's high-end machines are a bit cheaper. e.g. the Elna 9600 "Haute Couture" and the practically identical Janome 11000 are about € 5000.

These machines feature a very large screen and advanced on-screen editing. Mechanics also should be better. However, the problem that one has to change threads remains. These are probably dream machines for combined sewing/embroidery, but not necessarily for just embroidery.

Melco Amaya Lite industrial embroidery machine

(Expensive) entry level embroidery machines

A true entry-level embroidery machine (i.e. a device that has four to six needles) costs around 9-12 K CHF. Street prices seem to different a lot in different countries. E.g. the Brother PR-650 costs Euros 7700 on amazon.de / CHF 11'000 in a Swiss shop / $7500 in the US. A Babylock professional Plus is about $ 10000 in the USA. A Korean SWF/MA-6 is also about $11000.

An 4-needle Elna 9900 is about € 6500.- and a 4-needle Janome MB-4 about € 5500 to 6000 or US$ 7000. Probably both machines are the same.

You then could look at simple single head industrial machines. These are faster, have more needles and are of course more expensive. An entry level Tajima Neo II is about 14000$. A faster and (probably) more precise Swiss-owned and US-made Melco Amaya Lite is around CHF 12000 (?). The Amaya XTS is around CHF 17000 the older Melco Bravo costs CHF 11000 / US$ 9000. Prices for that type of machine seem to differ a lot from shop to shop and country.

Machines like the Melco Amaya can do 1500 Stitches/minute, stitch on most materials and don't have any built-in editing screen. Design is entirely done with a computer.

Consumer brands

I have no idea which types/brands are best, except that it is always better to buy from a shop nearby that also can repair a device. E.g. in Geneva I would not buy a Brother, since there is no authorized dealer. Please visit sewing / embroidery forums if you need advice from people who got experience. The following list includes most major brands (I believe) and some additional pointers.

Baby Lock

owned by Tacony

babylock.com (official website)

Bernina

independant Swiss company Bernina, swiss made

Also owns the lower-end and cheaper not swiss-made Bernette brand

Bernina Sewing Machine (Wikipedia)

Bernina.com (official website)

mybernette.com (official website of the Bernette line)

Brother

Japanese company

has two lines, consumer and industrial

brother.com (official global website) - brother USA - Brothersewing CH ...

• Bother also develops for Baby Lock

Elna

Swiss company (some models made by Janome ?)

Official website

Sewing - sewing/embroidery - embroidery machines

Husquarna Viking

owned by SVP Worldwide

Husquarnaviking.com (official website)

Janome

Japanese company, also seems to create models for various other brands

Janome (Wikipedia)

Janome.com (official website)

Kenmore

owned by Janome

Pfaff

owned by SVP Worldwide

Pfaff (Wikipedia)

Pfaff.com (main website)

Singer

owned by SVP Worldwide

Singer Corporation (Wikipedia)

singer.com (Official website)

Toyota

home-sewing.com (official website)

Some brands are owned by the same company. For example SVP owns Singer, Husquarna and PFAFF and is the world's largest sewing machine company. Sometimes companies share development (for either the mechanical or electronic parts or both) or have an entire model made by another company. Difficult to know who exactly produces what...

Software and formats for embroidery

Disclaimer: So far I didn't see any advanced software and only had a few hours of playtime with a simple digitizer. I may have to go over this again. The reason, why I write down technical details about software is that I want be informed before I will spend money on software that I won't use a lot anyhow, so it's got to be perfect - Daniel K. Schneider 22:38, 14 May 2011 (CEST).

Franz Xaver Simm: Die Stickerin Oil on canvas, 94 x 68 cm

Introduction

Roughly speaking, we can distinguish between several types of software, although sometimes the frontiers are blurred.

• Software to create designs for "manual" embroidery
• Vectorizers can translate a bitmap to vector formats, can be found in typical general purpose drawing software like Illustrator or Inkscape.
• Digitizers can translate a vector format to CNC code and also include a vectorizer. This is must have. Some digitizer work automatically (or almost), others give a lot of control to the "puncher".
• Viewers allow to view files, useful for script generated formats for example)
• Transformers can resize, rotate, (sometimes) change colors, i.e. do some lightweight global editing
• Converters can convert from one format to another. They usually include a viewer and can do transformations.
• Editors can draw designs and sometimes also vectorize. They also can transform various parts of a design, e.g. resize, rotate, move, etc. Finally, they can punch, i.e. produce stitches in various ways for both fills and strokes. In that respect, they share functionality with digitizers.
• Lettering programs can create fonts that are stitchable. If you just use a digitizer to "read" words from a vector file you will get bad results, since the filling algorithm is very different. Letters are usually put on top of other stitches.
• Organizers help to organize designs on your hard disk)
• Complete embroidery CAD Suites, can create sophisticated drawings (vector based embroidery, VBE) and support all the design stages. Often, the drawing module is based on existing high-end vector graphics software. E.g. Pulse's embroideryi2 is an addon for either Illustrator or Corel Draw. Bernina's Embroidery software is based on Corel.

High-end embroidery software suites should include all of the software types listed above. However, if we understand right, there is quite a fundamental difference between programs that are "stitch-based" and others that are based on vector graphic objects (annotated with stitches). More later, after we understand better ....

It is very difficult to find out what software costs and - funny - where and how to buy. Some companies (like Bernina) seem to sell anything only through authorized resellers. In addition, I couldn't find any up-to-date list that includes any sort of comparison. Add the various numerous obscure file formats and you find yourself in a software jungle that is hard to beat in terms of inaccessibility, obscurity and overblown prices. I can understand that professional software costs 10'000 $ or more, but I have trouble understanding why what I consider mid-level prosumer software costs over $2000.

I also noticed that too many embroidery websites do have coding errors (e.g. some pages won't display on modern browsers). Incompatibility and lagging behind technology is another problem. Often (according to forum complaints) does embroidery software have problems running under windows 7 or even Vista. Some websites for high-end prosumer software (e.g. Bernina's and Wilcom's) are well-made, but lack real information and require heavy PDF downloads that don't include much information either. On the opposite, Embird has a fairly ugly website, but it's fast, fully functional and even includes useful information. One could relate this site's design philosophy to the facts that Embird software probably offers the best price/performance ratio and it is probably the most popular software suite for embroidery.

Most software includes machine-specific features. In particular on older machines, one also has to pay attention to connectivity. Some machine types use specially formatted memory cards or USB sticks (or some other weird specifics) and do require special software to write CNC files. Usually this type of software is offered for free (either when you buy the machine or for download). The software then also can convert, resize, rotate, preview, etc. If you plan buying any sort of design software, you should check if your type/brand is supported. If not, you always can use a converter but this may be a lossy process.

Features of embroidery software

Below is a provisional list (made in one shot on 22:38, 14 May 2011 (CEST)). Certain items are missing, others will need explanation. Also, wording should be changed for some items (remember that I don't know next to nothing about stitching).

1. Range and target population
   1. Type of program: Specific standalone program, modular software, or complete design suite
   2. E.g. Computer novices, graphics or CAD savy end-users, professional punchers
2. Format and machine support
   1. Reading embroidery design formats
   2. Writing embroidery design formats
   3. Writing machine specific cards
   4. Hoop support
3. Tracing and digitzing
   1. Tracing of bitmap files
      • Color reduction / color thresholds
      • Despeckling and smoothing
      • Pixel thesholds
      • (Semi) Automatic digitizing images
   2. Import of vector file formats (conversion)
      • Format support, e.g. AI and SVG not just (simple-minded) WMF, EMF and EPS
   3. Color merge and substitution (in the vectorized picture) See also: editing
   4. Manual punching of vectorized images. See also: editing
4. Editing and transformation (see also fills and stitches)
   1. Simple transforms (resize, move, rotate, flip, skew, etc.
   2. Recalculation the number of stitches when design is resized
   3. Change of design density
   4. Adding/removing underlays
      • Types
      • Multiple underlays
   5. Modern vector drawing module (or full integration with drawing program)
   6. Joining and splitting of designs (including text from lettering modules)
   7. Change stitch order of various parts
   8. Edit single stitches
   9. Insert, delete, change, reduce (merge) colors
   10. Change stitch order
5. Fills & Stitches
   1. Support of vector object annotation
   2. Fill options (direction, stitch type, etc.)
   3. Fancy stiches (stitch types)
   4. Underneath (?) stitches
   5. Bordering
   6. Layering (be able to stich on top and not just letters)
   7. Pull compensation?
   8. Can you create appliqués, pailletes etc.?
6. Lettering
   1. Built-in stitch-optimized fonts
   2. Can true type fonts be digitized?
   3. Monograms
   4. Curving (?)
7. Interface and utilities
   1. How many steps can the undo option go back to?
   2. Compensation for various textiles
   3. Built-in reusable patterns of various sorts
   4. Support for all major thread color palettes (different manufacturers)
      • Including information that then is save to stitch files !
   5. Statistics (like print time, number of stitches, etc.)
   6. Shortcuts for various processes
   7. Batch converters
   8. Stitch simulator
   9. 3-d view showing stitches in relief
   10. Pattern management
   11. Does the software require a dongle. (I really hate these, since I don't use some software for month dongles have tendency to become lost and they can fall out of my backback ...)

Free digitizer and design tools

There exist virtually no free design + digitizing tools that are fully functioning. Thredworks seems be a fine enough editing tool (not tested yet). See also conversion software below, some also can edit a bit.

• Threadworks is a digitizing and drawing program for embroidery machines. Recommended. One reason why I recommend this program is that one is somehow enticed to learn how stitching works, i.e. although the program works with forms and auto-adapted stitches (as opposed to simple stitches) display and operations are fairly close to stitching level. It also includes a simple bitmap tracer for bmp files.
  • I installed this software. It runs on Win 64 bit (did not yet have much time for testing, more later - Daniel K. Schneider 13 May 2011. The program only only needs to be dezipped in a directory and only includes 4 files. Click on thre3.exe.
  • Design of the interface looks fairly "old-style", but the program is fully functional and includes many features. It's by no means just a stitches editor with some simple transformations. For example, it can do sophisticated fills of shapes and strokes (borders)!
  • Download the Thred lessons from the download page and go at least through the first 7 lessons in order to create a simple design. Read them all ...
  • See also aArtline, a free drawing program

• Stitch Era Universal by Sierra is a free embroidery design software that you can get under certain conditions. It can only be provided by an Authorized Distributor unless you are lucky to live in a country without. Installation and use require permanent Internet connection. Software contains advertising. Finally Stitch count is limited to 40'000 stitches. not tested since the "find dealer pages" didn't work on 09:01, 15 May 2011 (CEST). See also stitchera website.

• Madpunch is free program rumored to have similar features as some (earlier?) versions of an Embird suite, i.e. it includes editing, digitizing and lettering. Users have to change a key about every two weeks, probably to bring them to their web site. The site includes video (captivate) tutorials. It installed fine on Win 7 64-bit. Not tested for real.

• SophieSew digitizing and editing of machine embroidery. Written and developed by Carlos Mandel, see his twitter updates. Also include some free designs (not yet tested for real, just installed on Win 7 84). According to various forum posts, this program is nice and usable, but it's in alpha stage and may crash or freeze - 5/2011)

• Embroidermodder. Free software tool (under development as of April 2011) that allows the user to add custom modifications to their embroidery designs. Can read/write 5-6 formats. Started in 2004 by Mark Pontius, last update on 11/2010 when last checked (April 2011). I installed this on Win 7 64 and the program runs. I created a simple text and was able to save a .dst file and then open it with Wilcom TrueSizer. Some stitches seem to be wrong.

• Rudolf's Sewing / Embroidery related Programs (last updated 2005, not tested). Includes a free conversion program and a simple drawing program creating *.pcs.

• KXStitch aims to produce software to allow the creation and editing of cross stitch patterns for hand stitching. Runs under Linux/KDE. See kxstitch wiki

Commercial digitizer and design tools

• Embird Embroidery Software sells several programs, A base program (Basic Embird) plus several plugins e.g. Embird Studio (digitizing). Can read/write many formats and supports many machine types. It comes in several components, e.g.:
  • Basic Embird Embroidery Software (basic editing, sizing, stitch editing, etc.). This $144 program must be acquired for other modules to run.
  • Studio (digitizing, lettering, auto-tracing, freehand, conversion of vector files into embroidery) is $150 + $90 = $240.
  • Font engine, $145
  • I.e. for less than $550 one gets a good package and it can be tried out before buying. In addition, the web site has real information (as opposed to fancy PDF files). This program seems to be fairly popular and seems to offer the best price/performance ratio. It's probably as powerful as many high-end consumer design suites.

• SewArt Embroidery Auto-Digitizer by S&S Computing, is “for converting clipart or other forms of raster and vector images into an embroidery file. Image processing tools and a step-by-step wizard are provided to produce an image suitable for yielding a high-quality embroidery stitch-out.” Free 30 day demo, only $75. (Needs the Microsoft C++ 2005 library, also available as download). Tested under Win 7 64bit. I found it very easy to learn the basics (about 30 minutes). Recommended. I managed to digitize and create a stitch file for a complex photo (including color reduction, pixel reduction, color merging, despeckling, etc.). Of course I can image other features it should have, but I like the price/performance ratio. - Daniel K. Schneider 22:29, 13 May 2011 (CEST).

• BuzzTools sells a series of design tools, e.g. design management software, Buzz-2-Stitches (digitizer, $300), BuzzEdit (editor, $190), Words to stitches, etc. These tools seem to be fairly popular and are reasonable priced. Trial versions are available.

• Brother, also a maker of sewing machines sells PE_Design Basic (formerly 'PED Basic Embroidery Software', for simple downloading/editing) and PE-Design light (digitizing, letters, combining, etc. about 300 €). A higher-end product also exists (see below). Brother products enjoy a good reputation in forum messages and offer a good price/performance ratio as far as we can tell.

• Stitch & Sew made by Compucon has several product levels: Designer (Standard Digitizing & Editing package), Editor (Lettering & Editing package), Embroidery Studio (digitizing & editing). The full package is called Embroidery Studio Plus. No idea how much it would cost. Demo versions are available, e.g. from central european distributor (teamhoko). Files are dated 2008. Several revendor links on the stitch & sew site are dead. Some point to local Brother dealers where no information can be found, i.e. Internet presence is messy. In addition to Stitch&Sew, Compucon sells EOS (Embroidery operating system), a high-end software.

• Drawstitch sells two software families: DRAWings includes graphics design, digitizing, computerized quilting and textile printing. Cost is about $1800 / € 1300. There are other variants like Creative Drawings or Wings modular. Available through third-party dealers only. Seems to have a good performance/price ratio, but needs a USB dongle (and I always loose these ...). In addition there may be OEM solutions. Maybe Artistic Suing Suite could be one. The professional eXPerience include 4 different levels (price unknown and relationship to other Wings software is not clear.)

• Stitches in Motion has Sew Art (software for converting clip-art or other forms of raster and vector images into an embroidery file). It can output in PES or JEF. For other formats, you will have to use a conversion program.

• Embroidery Software from Amazing Designs. Several software, e.g. Edit 'N Stitch (editor), Digitize 'N Stitch (digitizer), Personalize 'N Stitch (lettering and monograms). All around $200, the whole combo around $450 street price. Trial versions available. Also available from online shops like Amazon.

• ApS-Ethos has several programs. The top-end Virtuoso Plus can edit, letter, digitize, import vector files, etc.

• Sierra has some products. Stitch Era is a modern looking consumer product that exists in several versions: Essentials, Lite, Liberty and Universal. Prices are from $400 to $1000. Universal is free under some conditions (see above). Sierra also seems to have a more professional product line (see below). Their websites are quite complex and some pages don't fully work on modern browsers (FF4 or IE 9).

• Fancyworks has a series of products. The top-end Fancyworks Studio Plus (editing, digitizing, lettering, import, etc.) costs $650.

• Designers Gallery seems to sell the same under a different packaging (not sure about this.)

• Art and Stitch Standalone digitizing software for longarm quilters and machine embroiderers. Includes drawing, filling, importing vector graphics, punching. $ 870

High end commercial design suites for home users

Brother PR-650 (semi-professional embroidery machine)

It is difficult to find out who really makes what, how much it costs and what is meant for "prosumers" (advanced home users) as opposed to professionals. I find it interesting that two products are based on Corel Draw and I wonder if there is some common ground. Again, I am quite amazed at how difficult it is to find any information about prices and comparative functionality. Also some of these guys can't make websites. Very easy to become lost, very difficult to find the software pages, too many PDF downloads...

Most sewing/embroidery machine makers sell their own custom software suite. Most of these also work with other brands, i.e. they can digitize into more than one format and (maybe) write to several types of cards or otherwise communicate with a machine. It is difficult to understand what most products can do, except for products based on Corel/Illustrator where at least you can know what you could draw in terms of vector graphics.

General purpose for the consumer market

• DecoStudio. See also the (outdated) page at Corel. Decostudio integrates CorelDRAW® Graphics Suite X5 with Wilcom's stitch processor, lettering, monogramming and appliqué tools to create a complete graphics and embroidery software solution. Wilcom also has a product line called Embroidery Studio with several product levels. These are more sophisticated and more expensive (probably over € 10000).

• Embroidery software by Pulse. Pulse creates various products like Tajima DG/ML, Tajima Librarian, Tajima Passport. High end and really expensive. For the home user, there is Embroidery i2, both for Corel and Illustrator, rumored to cost just a few thousand $.

(Rather) brand specific

(some entries may not qualitfy as "high end" consumer products)

• Bernina's Embroidery Software (en) based on Corel Draw is about $2000/€ 1600, but one can find it for less (€ 1400). The current embroidery software version 6 probably was developed togehter with Wilcom and should be quite similar as Deco Studio. Bernina sells other products: Software link (en/USA). See also the Swiss version of the software page (de/fr).

• Brother PE-Design NEXT (about € 1500).

• Melco (D) has a line of products known under "Design Shop". See Melco USA: Lite, normal, Pro and Pro+. Melco produces embroidery machines and software prices are not directly communicated ....

• Janome, a sewing machine maker has line of products known as Janome Digitizer Software Series with three software levels Jr, Pro and MB. There is no price list. Digitizer MB is about € 1000. It's probably a powerful vectorizer/digitizer, but one can't draw. I.e. it allows to import a bitmap or windows vector file and then "massage" it into a stitching design.

• 5D Embroidery Software Packages. This company sells two kinds of high-end packages, one for Husquarna and one for Pfaff. Individual modules can be bought directly from 5D. No price list.
  • Husquarna's packaging of the 5D suite for its Viking line, includes 5D™ Professional. This product includes eleven software modules, e.g. design creator (edit/fill/etc), editor, aligner, sketcher, cross stitcher, organizer. Eight of these can be bought separately. Did not see real technical information (i.e. power of the design tools).
  • Pfaff's 5D™ embroidery software version.

• Elna has Digitizer EX V 3.0. This product looks more like mid-end software (e.g. one can't draw). Price is about € 1000. Probably the same as Janomes Digitizer Pro, since Janome and Elna have a strategic partnership (common machine models).

Other

• Embroidery Office (EO11) made by Sierra includes: Art and Design; Design Administration; Production Organization; Machine Connectivity; Catalog Preparation and Spreading. Claims to be very high-end, but their web pages are full or errors and won't display well in FF4 and IE9 ... (on April 19, 2011).

• I-CLIQQ € 1900, is a suite with three levels that is marketed for professionals. Claims to in the same ligue as the multi-thousand competition. (Demo version available).

• Floriani has a larger product line. Embroidery Suite Pro costs € 1600 and includes 8 products, e.g. editing, digitizing, borders, monograms, lettering, resizing. These also can be bought individually. The top-of the line product is € 5000.

• McStich Professional software, fairly useless web site....

Free converter tools and other utilities

Screenshot of Wilcom TrueSizer V2.x

Free converters/resizers/etc from commercial companies

I suggest to install the following four programs: Wilcom TrueSizer, Bernina Artlink, Pulse Ambassador and myEditor. Then pick the one that you like best. Also, each can do at least something that the others can't. Read on ...

Screen shot of Bernina Artlink 6 (Unconvincing model made with Embroidermodder)

• WILCOM TrueSizer. Read, resize, rotate and convert many popular industrial and home expanded/condensed file formats. Can't write .ART (Bernina) but can write .JEF (Elna/Janome). The program is free , but registration is required. Tested under Windows 7 64 bit. The software and I manged to convert a file to *.jef. It can resize and rotate designs. Wilcom is one of the leading software companies in embroidery. Recommended.

• Bernina Artlink, a free multi-purpose utility program form Bernina. Can resize, rotate 45 degrees, select stitch color, read/write many embroidery formats, display hoops for various types (also other brands), write to various hardware. I somehow got the German version, but there is also an English edition. Cannot save in *.jef (Elna). Recommended.

• Pulse ambassador is quote: “a free, easy to use software that allows you to change design formats, resize designs, change colors and more. Import/export to various popular formats”. It can change colors but it cannot resize. It cannot save in *.art. This software includes an animation of the stitching process and probably shows more details than the others. Pulse is the maker of high-end prosumer and professional software (Tajima and Embroidery i2). Download is difficult to find and is here when last checked. Recommended.

• MyEditor from Wings Systems is a free, Opens/saves to many different formats. Includes a complete stitch editor, scaling and rotation, array tool, etc. Can import/export to many formats (including *.jef). Includes a stitch editor. Recommended.

• multi-converter from Stitch & Sew. Can read designs from manufacturer's cards to the hard disk and the other way round. Registration required. I Installed it on Win 7/64, but did not understand how I could convert files within my hard disk.

• Artistic my editor free viewing and editing software: view and modify supported embroidery files and then re-save them in any of the available embroidery file formats. (not yet tested, may be the same product as MyEditor above).

Free online converters

• Embroidery Designs.com offers translation between 19 formats (registration required).

• SVG 2 embroidery Free online service that can convert SVG (strokes) to PCS. As cool as it can get. Since it only translates strokes, you do need to replace fills by lines, e.g. some zig-zag pattern. Otherwise just use this programs to draw line-based art.

Free utility tools (converters, digitizers, etc.) from other sources.

Some of these are available as plugins for graphics programs. Some programs are open source.

• Hershey Text: An Inkscape extension for engraving fonts. This is not directly useful, but this extension could be used as "middleware" for an Inkscape to embroidery converter (see below)

• Planned since 2009: The Brother Liberation Front announced working on and Inkscape and Gimp plugin named Yarnscape and Crafty Gimp respectively. If this will happen, then Inkscape could become a free embroidery design tool.

• Embroidery output extension for Inkscape by Jon Howell, 2010. GPL. Easy to install on Linux, needs python and the shapely library. Tested on April 2011 under Ubuntu 10.04. To install:

apt-get install python-shapely
cp embroider.inx embroider.py PyEmb.py ~/.config/inkscape/extensions

In Inkscape, the extension is available in Extensions->Render->Embroider

Only works, if you create a drawing with filled regions that are converted to pathes and are not grouped. (So no grouping, no strokes, etc. !)

Result *.exp will sit in your home directory or some other place ...

I managed to create a stitched oval and display it with some *.exp viewer. - April 2011.

• Joachims's freeware include Pesview 1.3.0, a Viewer/Conversion-Tool for PES/PEC/PCS/DST/SEW and EasyPEC for converting PES.x to PEC 1.0

• PES-file thumbnailer (pes2png converter) by Linus Thorvald himself ! (for Linux, needs pnglib-devel and cairo-devel to comple) Read Embroidery.. gaah January 13, 2010. To install this under Linux (Unbuntu 10)

apt-get install libcairo-dev
apt-get install libpng-dev
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/pesconvert.git
cd pesconvert
make
cp pesconvert /usr/local/bin

• Embroidery Reader for PES (Brother)

Commercial converters, resizers, etc.

(See also the free conversion tools above, there is probably no reason to buy one of these, unless you don't own any kind of embroidery software)

• SewWhat! from Stitches in Motion. Can read most formats and write a lot of formats (but not .art). Between $50 and $65. Free trial versions.

• StichBuddy converter, resizer, etc. For Mac OS X. Cheap (€ 40) and demo version is available.

• Embrilliance. A (relatively) cheap multi-purpose tool for converting/merging/lettering etc. Supports most embroidery formats, but can't import "normal" 2D graphics. (Mac/PC)

• Mac Embroidery. Multipurpose converter ($ 129).

Thread colors

Thread colors (not surprisingly are not standardized). Each major make has its own. The major ones seem to be Janome, Robison-Anton, Mettler, Madeira and Sulky. Some may have different color numbers with respect to different threads.

See:

• Thread Chart information (best site I found)
• Sewing Thread Conversion Chart
• Thread chart
• Pantone and RA
• Links to Various Thread Charts for Machine Embroidery (long list)

Brand-specific

• Robinson-Anton (RA)
• ....

File formats

There are several kinds of formats, in particular

• All sorts of 2D bitmap and vector formats for the drawings, i.e. formats that are not specificially made for embroidery
• Embroidery file formats that work on a range of machines and also can be used as exchange formats. These are sometimes called commercial formats.
• Embroidery file formats that are mostly brand or even type specific
• Both so-called commercial file formats and more brand-specific formats come in two forms: Some only have stitching information, others keep information that makes them easily editable. The latter could be called worker files.

It seems that there are about 30 different formats. It is not clear to me what different formats can do. Also, I don't know how formats are supported by various vendors. Some formats seem to be barely editable since they only contain stitching instructions like "go to x/y" and "add a stitch from x1/1y to x2/y2" or "change thread". Others may include precise information about the shape and kind of a design part and keep stitching information apart, i.e. an area is not just defined in terms of stitches. The latter are more easily editable. Other formats (like JEF) may keep just some information, e.g. colors.

It is sometimes difficult to find out what formats a specific machine from various Brands can read. E.g. Bernina's feature their own brand-specific editiable *.art formats, but it seems that the high-end machines directly can read *.exp which is a commercial format, if I understood right. When I bought an Elna 8300, no information about formats was included in the documentation (or I couldn't find it) ...

To make the situation worse, some formats have different subtypes. E.g. the popular .PES comes in eight different versions :( - I once thought that the situation was really bad for video codecs, video containers or 3D vector formats, but embroidery beats anything else I am aware of in terms of obscurity and diversity.

Vendors include conversion software that can translate to their (and other's) machine readable CNC formats from a series of other low-level and also from more high-level formats. The most popular exchange formats seem to be DST and EXP, but these are not necessarily the best. As little as we know of today (after few hours spent on exploration) a good format (e.g. EMB) includes a vector description of each design part and attaches abstract stitching information to that object. This way it can be transformed without deforming stitches. Less powerful formats are directly stitch-based. The most popular rather machine-specific format seems to be *.pes (Brother) since it also includes worker information.

Embroidery file formats

extension	Machine manufacturer	software range	Contents
ART	Bernina	brand-specific	worker + stitch
CND	Melco	professional programs	worker + stitch
CSD	Singer, POEM	brand-specific
DST	Tajima	most programs	stitch
EMB	Wilcom	most high-end programs	worker + stitch
EXP	Melco, Bernina (high-end models)	most programs	stitch
FDR	Barudan	?	?
HUS	Husquarna Viking	brand-specific, many programs	stitch
JEF	Janome, Elna	brand-specific, many programs	stitch (but keeps colors)
PCQ,PCD,PCM, PCS	Pfaff	Brand-specific	stitch
PEC	Bernina ?	brand-specific	stitch
PES	Brother	popular, most programs	worker + stitch
SEW	Janome, Elna, Kenmore	most programs	stitch
SHV	Husquarna Viking	brand-specific	stitch
VIP	Pfaff (older), Husquarna	brand-specific	stitch
VP3	Pfaff (newer)	brand-specific	stitch
XXX	Singer, Compucon	brand-specific	stitch

See also (probably better informed authors):

• Embroidery Formats (at Puncher)
• Embroidery File Formats supported in Embird
• Formats Supported
• Welche Maschine benötigt welches Format? (2009).
• Need other embroidery format? Good list about popular embroidery formats (from Russia).

Links

General links

Sewing and embroidery websites (unsorted)

• k2g2 “is an open platform that is spearheading the brains and crafts movement of the 21st century, taking a hacker's perspective on everything from handicraft to crafting machines”. This website includes good "portals" for machine knitting and machine embroidery. Best resource for open source projects.
• Sewing.org has free sew, quilt and craft projects
• Sewing & Craft Alliance provides educational information and creative resources to the sewing and crafting enthusiast
• SewReview, includes a blog with entries on various topics plus buying guides and reviews
• eHow includes entries about sewing, embroidery, etc.
• rumblr includes a few entries about sewing etc.
• The Embroiderers' Guild of America (EGA). A few interesting links.
• Open Source embroidery
• patternreview Popular site for sharing patterns and advise (including computerized stuff)

In other languages

• Forum Broderie Machine
• Stickmaschinen-Blog (good tips)

Art / political

• Open Source Embroidery

Blogs

• Dog name banjo

Other links of links

• Embroidermodder has some good links (including broken ones, last update was 2004)

Introductions

(Retrieved April 2011, unless otherwise stated)

Introductions to embroidery

(there are many, but we keep it down since we are interested in computer-created designs only here)

• Embroidery (Wikipedia). follow-up the various Wikipedia links at the bottom.

Introductions to computerized embroidery

• MIT High-low tech wiki has a series:
  • Embroidery Machine Tutorial Part 1: Software
  • Embroidery Machine Tutorial Part 2: The Machine (Bernina Artista 630 tutorial)

• Machine embroidery (Wikipedia)
• How to Digitize Embroidery Designs at eHow
• How to Create a Digital Embroidery Design at eHow

Introductions computerized sewing machine

• Computerized Sewing Machines, at How stuff works (part 3 of How Sewing Machines Work)

Introductions to normal sewing machine

• Flashback: Anatomy of a Sewing Machine, April 2007 in CRAFT Volume 03: by Christine Haynes and Kent Bell. (mechanical parts)

• How Sewing Machines Work at How Stuff Works (includes good animations)

Specialized tutorials

• Electro-knit! Hacking the Brother KH-930e knitting machine by Ladyada, March 2011. See also Electroknit Technical Information by Sconklin. (Dec 2010).

Other

• computer controlled embroidery?. Discussion about fab labs and tools of culture (fab/MIT)

Software links

(see our own links to software packages in the software section above)

Useful websites

• Machine Embroidery Portal at k2g2. It includes pointers to the most of the few open source software and:
  • List of Industrial Embroidery Software (Best list I found)
  • Links to commercial embroidery software,
  • Links to industrial embroidery software
• embroidery software which runs natively under Mac OS X (2/2010)
• Professional Embroidery Software (a long list with links to publishers).

Comparisons

• Review by TVP textil (In German, includes interviews with professional punchers with respect to quality differences in software) by TVP Textil.
• Understanding Digitizing Software by Floriani.

File formats

• Technical info about formats
• Embroidermodder has links to other pages
• Wotsit.org includes a description and a link for most somewhat popular computer file formats. (you will have to search for stitching/sewing formats).

Hardware links

• Computerized Sewing Machines Reviews and Prices at products/how stuff works.
• The Best Sewing Machine Online. Explains some history, how they work and discusses various models (include some that are computer-powered or controlled).
• Best Sewing Machine. Lots of reviews (> 600 models)

In other languages

• Stickmaschinen im Vergleich (updated 4/11 or later).
• Hobbyschneiderin.net (forums)

Do it yourself

• Creating a computer-controlled sewing machine and CNC sewing machine, Makezine, 2010.

Free design repositories

There don't seem to be many truly free and easy to use websites. Most commercial web sites offer some free designs. In addition, some of the free open source or close source software packages include free designs (see above).

• The 'Automatic Embroidery Machine' System Thingiverse. As of 4/2011 only 3 things .... but that will change ;)
• Free Embroidery Designs Online. This is a commented list of embroidery sites that offer some freebies. Each referred sites offers a few free designs.

• You could search for embroidery patterns on Flickr. Some are free (but you then need to digitize these or find another version)

Fablab work, open source, etc.

• svg to/from embroidery converter (for now just a discussion at Inkscape Forums)
• ....

(more needed)

Bibliography and journals

Academic Journals

• Textile Research Journal, Sage.

Trade journals

• Stitches. Also manages a a social website (registration required)

• Stitch and Print