Backwards design
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Definition
- Backwards design is an instructional design method invented by Wiggins and McTighe
- It is particularly suited for teacher designers who think in terms of what they wish to achieve.
The model
The model has 3 stages:
- Identify desired results (learning outcomes)
- “What should students know, understand, and be able to do? What is worthy of understanding? What enduring understandings are desired?” ([1])
- Determine Acceptable Evidence (means to assess if learners have learnt)
- “How will we know if students have achieved the desired results and met the standards? What will we accept as evidence of student understanding and proficiency?”([2])
- Plan learning experiences and instruction. This includes:
- definition of knowledge (know-that), skills and procedures (know-how) students ought to master
- definition of materials
- definition of learning /teaching activities (scenarios).
Links
- Developing Goals and Objectives
- Understanding by Design Exchange. This is the Website sponsored by Grant Wiggins & Jay McTighe. Includes resources.
References
- Wiggins,G., MacTighe, J. (2006) Are the Best Curricular Designs "Backward"?