Presence

Introduction

Presence is an important concept in immersive and non-immersive virtual environments.

According to Whelan 82008) “Witmer and Singer’s (1998) definition of what constitutes presence contains four facets: (1) control over and behavioral impact on the virtual environment by the individual; (2) the breadth and richness of sensory stimuli in the virtual environment; (3) the experience of immersion in the virtual environment and the concurrent isolation to outside distractions; and, (4) the consistency between the virtual environment and the real world, or more simply, the social “realism” of the virtual environment.”

Instruments

• Presence/Presence Questionnaire (PQ)