Computerized embroidery

Draft

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Introduction

Many modern sewing machines (including the ones for the home market) can be computer-controlled. Good sewing machines can sew, stitch and quilt. I.e. you get three machines in one. We probably can distinguish between the following kinds of models:

• computer-controlled (directly from a computer). I imagine that these could exist in industry.
• computer-controlled (via file upload, i.e. specific firmware in the machine will read a proprietary CNC file and execute it). That's the solution existing in mid and high-end home machines (in the $500 to $10000 range). A good model (like a Swiss Bernina that can both sew and stitch will cost around CHF 3000.-)
• Computer-powered, i.e. the machine will have more than a single motor and stuff is synchronized with a computer instead of complex mechanics. Typically, low and mid-end home machines.

For the time being, this page will focus on embroidery. See also fab lab, an introduction to end user-created design and fabrication.

Bernina Aurora 450 with embroidery module

In computer-powered or computer-controlled home sewing machines, “the computer directly controls several different motors, which precisely move the needle bar, the tensioning discs, the feed dog and other elements in the machine. [...] The computer drives the motors at just the right speed to move the needle bar up and down and from side to side in a particular stitch pattern. Typically, the computer programs for different stitches are stored in removable memory disks or cartridges. The sewing-machine computer may also hook up to a PC in order to download patterns directly from the Internet. Some electronic sewing machines also have the ability to create complex embroidery patterns. These machines have a motorized work area that holds the fabric in place underneath the needle assembly. They also have a series of sensors that tell the computer how all of the machine components are positioned. [...] The sewer simply loads a pattern from memory or creates an original one, and the computer does almost everything else.” Computerized Sewing Machines, retrieved 13:07, 15 April 2011 (CEST). With that kind of machines, a user can focus on design and the needs to learn how to interpret orders from machine like replacing the threads.

According to Wikipedia and other sources, the first modern day computer controlled sewing machine was built by Orisol in 1987 for making shoes.

Design software exists in various form. Designs are both sold and also available as open "source". Converter software between various control formats exists.

Computerized embroidery

More or less according to Wikipedia, the basic steps for creating an embroidery are as follows:

• Get or create a digitized embroidery design file
• Edit the design and/or combine with other designs (optional)
• Translate to machine executable code (optional)
• load the final design file into the embroidery machine
• stabilize the fabric and place it in the machine
• start and monitor the embroidery machine

Software and repositories for embroidery

Disclaimer: None tested so far, therefore none we could recommend.

Franz Xaver Simm: Die Stickerin Oil on canvas, 94 x 68 cm

We can distinguish between several types of software, although sometimes the frontiers are blurreded.

• Software to create designs for "manual" embroidery
• Vectorizers (can translate a bitmap to vector formats)
• Digitizers (can translate a vector format to CNC code)
• Converters can convert from one format to another (may include the above)
• Editors (can draw digitize, but sometimes also vectorize)
• Viewers (allow to view files, useful for script generated formats for example)
• Organizers (help to organize designs)
• Complete embroidery CAD Suites, can create sophisticated drawings and supports all the design stages. Therefore, high-end software includes all of the above.

Design and multi-purpose tools

Free just design tools

(these will just create patterns for hand stitching)

• KXStitch aims to produce software to allow the creation and editing of cross stitch patterns. Runs under Linux/KDE. See kxstitch wiki

Free design tools for computerized embroidery

These can output CNC file formats. You may have to use a converter to get it working on your machine.

• Embroidermodder. Free software tool (under development as of April 2011) that allows the user to add custom modifications to their embroidery designs. Can read/write 5-6 formats. Started in 2004 by Mark Pontius, last update on 11/2010 when last checked (April 2011). I installed this on Win 7 64 and the program runs. I created a simple text and was able to save a .dst file and then open it with Wilcom TrueSizer. Some stiches seem to be wrong.

• Rudolf's Sewing / Embroidery related Programs (last updated 2005, not tested). Includes a free conversion program and a simple drawing program creating *.pcs.

Commercial embroidery/stitching design tools

• BuzzTools sells a series of design tools, e.g. design management software. graphics to stitches, words to stitches, etc. (between $99 and 300)

• Bernina, the sewing machine company sells several products for their own machines. US link, Switzerland (de/fr). Prices fairly expensive, i.e. must have design program is about $2000. There is one free program ArtLink 6 (CH) / Artlink 6 (USA)

• Brother, PE-Design light

• Embroidery Software at Jenny's Sewing Studio (an on-line reseller)

• Stitch & Sew series of products.

• Embrilliance. A (relatively) cheap multi-purpose tool for converting/mergin/lettering etc. Supports most embroidery formats, but can't import "normal" 2D graphics. (Mac/PC)

• Embroidery software by Pulse. Various products like Tajima DG/ML, Tajima Librarian, Tajima Passport, Embroidery/Illustrator. High end/expensive.

• Stitches in Motion has Sew Art (software for converting clipart or other forms of raster and vector images into an embroidery file). It can output in PES or JEF. For other formats, you will have to use a conversion program.

• Embird Embroidery Software sells several programs, A base program (Basic Embird) plus several plugins e.g. Embird Studio (digitizing). Can read/write many formats.

Free converter tools and other utilities

Free utility tools (converters, digitizers, etc.)

Some of these are available as plugins for graphics programs

• Hershey Text: An Inkscape extension for engraving fonts. This is not directly useful, but this extension could be used as "middleware" for an Inkscape to embroidery converter (see below)

• Planned since 2009: The Brother Liberation Front announced working on and Inkscape and Gimp plugin named Yarnscape and Crafty Gimp respectively. If this will happen, then Inkscape could become a free embroidery design tool.

• Embroidery output extension for Inkscape by Jon Howell, 2010. GPL. Should be easy to install on Linux, needs python and the shapely library. (don't know for other platforms).

• Joachims's freeware include Pesview 1.3.0, a Viewer/Conversion-Tool for PES/PEC/PCS/DST/SEW and EasyPEC for converting PES.x to PEC 1.0

• PES-file thumbnailer by Linus Thorvald himself ! (for Linux, needs pnglib-devel and cairo-devel to comple) Read Embroidery.. gaah January 13, 2010

• Embroidery Reader for PES (Brother)

Free converters from commercial companies

Screenshot of Wilcom TrueSizer V2.x

• WILCOM TrueSizer. Read, resize, rotate and convert many popular industrial and home expanded/condensed file formats. Can't write .ART. Windows, free but registration is required. Tested under Windows 7 64 bit. Software works, but so far I don't have a sewing machine to test for real (April 2011). Anyhow, as far as I can tell, this seems to be the best free converter.

• multi-converter from Stitch & Sew. Can read designs from manufacturer's cards to the hard disk and the other way round. Registration required. I Installed it on Win 7/64, but did not understand how I could convert files within my hard disk.

Commercial converters

• SewWhat! from Stitches in Motion. Can read most formats and write a lot of formats (but not .art). Between $50 and $65. Free trial versions.

File formats

There are several kinds of formats, in particular

• All sorts of 2D bitmap and vector formats for the drawings
• Embroidery and sewing specific file formats that work on a range of machines and also can be used as exchange formats.
• Machine formats that are mostly brand or even type specific

List of formats

(Not sure that it is correct. It seems that there are about 20 different formats and it is not very clear what formats a specific machine from various Brands can read. E.g. I believe that most Berninas can read, .pes, .art and .exp)

• ART Bernina
• PEC Bernina ?
• CSD Singer
• DST Tajima
• EXP Melco (Bernina?)
• FDR Barudan
• HUS Husquarna
• JEF Janome
• PES Brother (Bernina?, Bablock, Deco)
• SEW Elna
• PCS,PCQ,PCD,PCM,VIP Pfaff
• SHV Viking

See also:

• What Format Does My Machine Use?
• Formats Supported

Free repositories

• Needlework Russia (some free)
• AnnTheGran (some free)

Links

Sewing and embroidery websites (unsorted)

• k2g2 “is an open platform that is spearheading the brains and crafts movement of the 21st century, taking a hacker's perspective on everything from handicraft to crafting machines”. This website includes good "portals" for machine knitting and machine embroidery. Best resource for open source projects.
• Sewing.org has free sew, quilt and craft projects
• Sewing & Craft Alliance provides educational information and creative resources to the sewing and crafting enthusiast
• SewReview, includes a blog with entries on various topics plus buying guides and reviews
• eHow includes entries about sewing, embroidery, etc.
• rumblr includes a few entries about sewing etc.
• The Embroiderers' Guild of America (EGA). A few interesting links.
• Open Source embroidery

Blogs

• Dog name banjo

Other links of links

• Embroidermodder has some good links (including broken ones, last update was 2004)

Introductions

(Retrieved April 2011, unless otherwise stated)

Introductions to embroidery

(there are many, but we keep it down since we are interested in computer-created designs only here)

• Embroidery (Wikipedia). follow-up the various Wikipedia links at the bottom.

Introductions to computerized embroidery

• Machine embroidery (Wikipedia)
• How to Digitize Embroidery Designs at eHow
• How to Create a Digital Embroidery Design at eHow

Introductions computerized sewing machine

• Computerized Sewing Machines, at How stuff works (part 3 of How Sewing Machines Work)

Introductions to normal sewing machine

• Flashback: Anatomy of a Sewing Machine, April 2007 in CRAFT Volume 03: by Christine Haynes and Kent Bell. (mechanical parts)

• How Sewing Machines Work at How Stuff Works (includes good animations)

Specialized tutorials

• Electro-knit! Hacking the Brother KH-930e knitting machine by Ladyada, March 2011. See also Electroknit Technical Information by Sconklin. (Dec 2010).

Other

"* computer controlled embroidery?. Discussion about fab labs and tools of culture (fab/MIT)

Software

Useful websites

• Machine Embroidery Portal at k2g2. It includes pointers to the most of the few open source software and:
  • List of Industrial Embroidery Software (Best list I found)
  • Links to commercial embroidery software,
  • Links to industrial embroidery software

Online retailers (multiple products)

• embroidery.com
• Amazon sells various embroidery software.

File formats

• Technical info about formats
• Embroidermodder has links to other pages
• Wotsit.org includes a description and a link for most somewhat popular computer file formats. (you will have to search for stitching/sewing formats).

Hardware

• Computerized Sewing Machines Reviews and Prices at products/how stuff works.
• The Best Sewing Machine Online. Explains some history, how they work and discusses various models (include some that are computer-powered or controlled).
• Best Sewing Machine. Lots of reviews (> 600 models)

Do it yourself

• Creating a computer-controlled sewing machine, Makezine, 2010.

Bibliography and journals

• Textile Research Journal, Sage.