3D printers in education

Draft

This article or section is currently under construction

In principle, someone is working on it and there should be a better version in a not so distant future.
If you want to modify this page, please discuss it with the person working on it (see the "history")

Introduction

I am going to focus on the idea that building 3D things may help to understand programming and mathematics behind 3D. - DKS

Teaching of design and fabrication

“Designing—giving form to new objects or environments—is largely a question of anticipating the workings of spatial and material environments, which can become ‘reality’ only by being built. Until ‘realized’, a design is essentially a figment of the designer's imagination, although his or her ideas may be laid down and conveyed to others via specialized design media. In this way, impressions of the design may be shared with clients, colleagues or other ‘actors’ in the design process.” (Breen et al., 2003).

Models for teaching

3D Printables wiki (Hod Lipson et al.) argue that “There is ample evidence that learning is enhanced through active experiences, especially when relating to spatial and physical concepts that are difficult to visualize and understand abstractly. Traditionally, dedicated educators would handcraft physical models to help demonstrate educational concepts, but such models are becoming increasingly rare due to the resources, skill and effort involved in making them, and the advent of cheaper and more flexible virtual models and computer simulations. Physical models can also aid visually impaired persons and help alleviate learning disparities associated with spatial reasoning. With the popularization of 3D-printing technologies, however, fabrication of physical models is becoming increasingly simple and readily accessible, thus enabling resurgence of this important educational medium.” (retrieved 18:00, 7 April 2010 (UTC))

This 3D printables wiki distinguishes between Kinematics Models, Mathematical Models, Molecular Biology Models, Chemistry Models, Archeological Models, Aeronautical Models and Anatomical Models (e.g. Messmer et al. 2006).

Teaching of 3D graphics and programming

“The algorithmic thinking inherent in computer programming is crucial to the development of understanding how information technologies work. Too often, however, teaching programming is not grounded in the student experience and the ability for novices to grasp basic computer programming concepts (Mayer, 1980) leads toessential barier of access. This barier can cause students to lose interest in learning how top rogram (Resnick et al., 2003) and, even in informal learning settings, can be limiting to the extent that cultural acceptance becomes stagnant and proliferation of a programming culture (Kafai et al., 2007) is dificult to attain.” (Fadjo et al., 2007).

Support for learning scenarios

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Educational play worlds

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Links

Other 3D-printing in education resources

• The Bits From Bytes (RapMan Wiki and Forum:
  • Rapman in Education
  • Teaching Resources
  • Links to Educational Films
  • Education Forum

• rapman-education’s posterous Blog by David White about Teaching and Learning resources for using RapMan in schools/colleges

Repositories

• Thingyverse (repository for printable models)

• 3dPrintables

Blog articles

• Three Advantages Of 3D Printing In Schools (2010).

Research groups (of some interest)

• High-Low Tech group (MIT Media Lab). Explore the intersection of computation, physical materials, manufacturing processes, traditional crafts, and design.

• Lifelong Kindergarten group (MIT Media Lab). Develop new technologies that, in the spirit of the blocks and fingerpaint of kindergarten, expand the range of what people design, create, and invent—and what they learn in the process

• RepRap Invented the RepRap technology as part of their research on self-replicating machines.

Bibliography

Some of these entries will have to be moved to other articles, e.g. teaching how to program , 3D virtual environments. For the moment they are here, because I intend to contrast normal, virtual and physical environments.

Learning and teaching 3D

• Aguilera, D.G., Lahoz, J.G., Learning from educational software in 3D cartography: Colloquium (2008) British Journal of Educational Technology, 39 (4), pp. 726-731. Abtrat

• Brutzman, Don (2008). Computer graphics teaching support using X3D: extensible 3D graphics for web authors, ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses, p.1-335, December 10-13, DOI:10.1145/1508044.1508067 / Abstract (Scopus)

• Chittaro Luca and Roberto Ranon, (2008). An adaptive 3D virtual environment for learning the X3D language, Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, Abstract, PDF (Access restricted)

• Figueiredo, F.C., Eber, D.E., Jorge, J.A. (2004). Refereed digital publication of computer graphics educational materials, Computers and Graphics (Pergamon), 28 (1), pp. 119-124. doi:10.1016/j.cag.2003.10.013

• Kagawa, K. (2005). Generating Teaching Materials with Graphical Mini-languages for Multiple Programming Paradigms. In P. Kommers & G. Richards (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005 (pp. 3469-3474). Chesapeakoe, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20617.

Educational objects, tangibles and programming for kids

See tangible computing

• Andersen, D; C. Bennett, P. Huynh, L. Rassbach, S. Reardon, and M. Eisenberg (2005). Printing Out Trees: Toward the Design of Tangible Objects for Education, Proceedings of Education and Technology. PDF.

• Anderson Phil and Cherie Ann Sherman (2007). A discussion of new business models for 3D printing, International Journal of Technology Marketing, Volume 2, Number 3, 280 - 294.

• Bekker, Tilde and Eggen, Berry, (2008) Designing for Children’s Physical Play, (2008), CHI 08 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems, Florence, Italy, 2871-2876. Abstract/PDF.

• Bekker, T., Sturm, J. and Barakova, E. (2008) Designing for social interaction through physical play, In Extended Abstracts of conference on Fun and Games 2008, (Eindhoven, The Netherlands), 20-21 October, 62 -67.

• Bekker, T , Sturm, J., Wesselink, R. ,Groenendaal, B., and Eggen, B. (2008) Interactive Play Objects and the effects of open-ended play on social interaction and fun, In Proceedings of ACE, International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technologies, Yokohama Japan, 3-5 December, 389-392.

• Bekker, M.M. and Sturm, J. (2009) Stimulating Physical and Social Activity through Open-Ended Play , Interact 2009, Uppsala, Sweden, 952- 953. PDF

• Bekker, Tilde; Caroline Hummels, Sam Nemeth, Philip Mendels (2010). Redefining toys, games and entertainment products by teaching about playful interactions, International Journal of Arts and Technology 3 (1) 124-135.

• Horváth, I. , Rusák, Z. , Van der Vegte, W. Tangible virtuality: Towards implementation of the core functionality (2009) 2008 Proceedings of the ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, DETC 2008, 35-46. Scopus Abstract

• Breen Jack, Robert Nottrot, Martijn Stellingwerff (2003). Tangible virtuality--perceptions of computer-aided and physical modelling, Automation in Construction, Volume 12, Issue 6, Design e-ducation: Connecting the Real and the Virtual, November 2003, Pages 649-653, ISSN 0926-5805, DOI: 10.1016/S0926-5805(03)00053-0

• Lillard, A. and Else-Quest, N. (2006) The Early Years: Evaluating Montessori Education Science, Vol. 313. no. 5795, pp. 1893 - 1894

• Markopoulos, P and Bekker, M. (2003a) Interaction design and children (Editorial). Interacting with Computers, 15(3), 141-149.

• Piajet. J (1973). To Understand is to Invent: The Future of Education. Grossman, New York.

• Resnick, Mitchel; Amy Bruckman , Fred Martin (1996). Pianos not stereos: creating computational construction kits, interactions, v.3 n.5, p.40-50, Sept./Oct. 1996 [1]

• Resnick, M., Kafai, Y., Maloney, J., Rusk, N., Burd, L., &Silverman, B. (2003). A Networked, Media-Rich Programming Environment to Enhance Technological Fluency at After-School Centers in Economicaly-Disadvantaged Communities. Proposal to National ScienceFoundation.

• Sluis-Thiescheffer, R.J.W.; M.M. Bekker, J.H. Eggen (2007) Comparing Early Design Methods for Children, Proceedings of Interaction Design and children, June 6-8, Aalborg, Denmark, 17-24.

• Sluis-Thiescheffer, R.J.W.; How to optimize early design methods with children? In: Bekker, M.M.; Robertson, J. and Skov, M.B. (Eds); (2007) Proceeding of the 2007 conference on Interaction Design and Children, p. 201-204.

• Thang, B. , R.J.W. Sluis-Thiescheffer, M.M. Bekker, and J.H. Eggen (2008) Comparing the Creativity of Children’s Design Solutions Based on Expert Assessment, Proceedings of Interaction Design and children, June 11 - 13, Chicago (USA), 266-273.

• Zuckerman, Oren (2006, in preparation), Historical Overview and Classification of Traditional and Digital Learning Objects MIT Media Laboratory, 20 Ames Street, Cambridge, MA 02139. PDF - CiteSeer Abstract.

• Zuckerman, Oren (2010). Designing digital objects for learning: lessons from Froebel and Montessori, International Journal of Arts and Technology 3 (1) 124-135. (Access restricted).

3D CAD/CAM education

• Ansari, J. (2007). Hands-on solid modeling experiences in a course project, ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 9 p. Abstract

• Charlesworth, Chris (2007). Student Use of Virtual and Physical Modelling in Design Development - An Experiment in 3D Design Education, The Design Journal, Volume 10, Number 1, March 2007 , pp. 35-45(11). Abstract

• Chan, M., Black, J., Han, I.S., Vitale, J., Xia, Q., Subramanian, M., Du, M. & Kang, S. (2007). "Look, it's turning!" Factors Affecting Structural and Functional Knowledge Acquistion in an Elementary School Robotics Classroom. In C. Montgomerie & J. Seale (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2007 (pp. 1626-1631). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/25589.

• [Chen, M.-S., Chan, M., Wilson, D. Integrattng cad/cam and composite tooling technologies in a research experience (2007) ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 9 p. Abstract

• Chowdhury, A.A., Mazid, A.M. (2009). Computer integrated manufacturing education to mechanical engineering students: Teaching, research and practice, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, art. no. 4939736, Abstract

• Chui, W.H., Wright, P.K. A WWW computer integrated manufacturing environment for rapid prototyping and education (1999) International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 12 (1), pp. 54-60 Abstract

• Cliff Dave; Claire O'Malley and Josie Taylor (2008). Future issues in socio-technical change for UK education, Beyond Current Horizons, Report commissioned by the UK Department for Children, Schools and Families. PDF

• Cohen, H.G. (1983). A comparison of the affect of two types of student behavior with manipulatives on the development of projective spatial structures. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 20(9), 875-883

• Condoor, S. Integrating Design in Engineering Graphics Using Feature-based, Parametric Solid Modeling (1999) 29th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, pp. 12d2-13-12d2-17

• Csanyi, G.S., Reichl, F. & Jerlich, J. (2007). New Teaching Strategies and the Interaction between Continuing Engineering Education and Regular Engineering Study Programmes. In C. Montgomerie & J. Seale (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2007 (pp. 2780-2785). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/25763.

• Jensen, Daniel; Chris Randell, John Feland and Martin Bowe (2002). A Study Of Rapid Prototyping For Use In Undergraduate Design Education, Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. PDF

• Howard, W., Musto, J. (2006). Solid Modeling as the Cornerstone of an Introduction to Engineering Course, Proceedings of the 2006 ASEE Annual Conference.

• Jensen, Daniel; Chris Randell, John Feland, Martin Bowe (2002). A Study Of Rapid Prototyping For Use In Undergraduate Design Education, Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. PDF

• Messmer Peter, Felix Matthews, Augustinus Ludwig Jacob, Ron Kikinis, Pietro Regazzoni and Hansruedi Noser (2006), A CT Database for Research, Development and Education: Concept and Potential, Journal of Digital Imaging 20 (1), 17-22. Abstract/PDF/HTML

• Pasko, A., Adzhiev, V. Constructive function-based modeling in multilevel education (2009) Communications of the ACM, 52 (9), pp. 118-122+10. [Abstract

• Radharamanan, R., Jenkins, H.E. (2008). Laboratory learning modules on CAD/CAM and robotics in engineering education, International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control, 4 (2), pp. 433-443. Abstract

• Shih, Naai-Jung (2006). RP-aided computer modeling for architectural education, Computers & Graphics, Volume 30, Issue 1, February 2006, Pages 137-144, ISSN 0097-8493, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2005.10.014 DOI: 10.1016/j.cag.2005.10.014]

• Sridhara, B., Taylor, R. (2007). Application of CADD/CAM to engineering technology courses and some real-life projects, ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, 17 p. Abstract

• Walker, E.L., Cox, B. (1999). Technological applications of solid modeling and parametric features Journal of Industrial Technology, 15 (3), 5 p. Cited 2 times. Abstract

• Yan-Fang, Y. (2009). To probe into 3D CAI model of engineering graphics based on software, 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, ICCSIT 2009; Beijing; 8 August 2009 through 11 August 2009. Abstract

• Zeid, A., Kamarthi, S. CAD/CAM library of parts and assemblies for engineering curricula (2008) ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings, 7, pp. 517-525. Abstract

CS and Math education, Use of 3D modeling/animation

• Cooper, S., Dann, W., & Pausch, R. (2000). Alice: a 3-D tool for introductory programming concepts. Journal of Computing in Small Colleges, 15(5), 107-116

• Daghestani, L., Ward, R.D., Xu, Z., Al-Nuaim, H. (2008). The design, development and evaluation of virtual reality learning environment for numeracy concepts using 3D virtual manipulatives Proceedings - Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation, Modern Techniques and Applications, CGIV, art. no. 4626990, pp. 93-100. Abstract

• Greer, J. & Sherrell, L. (2005). Using AgentSheets to Introduce the List Data Structure. In P. Kommers & G. Richards (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005 (pp. 3129-3134). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20562.

• Govender, I. & Grayson, D. (2006). Learning to program and learning to teach programming: A closer look. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 1687-1693). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23232.

• Mayer, R. E. (1981). The Psychologyof How Novices Learn Computer Programming, Asociation for National Research Council Committee on Information Technology Literacy. (1999). Being fluentwith information technology. Washington, DC:NationalAcademyPress.

• Mimoto, Y. & Kagawa, K. (2008). A Framework for Web-based Applications for Learning Programming using Eclipse RCP. In J. Luca & E. Weippl (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 (pp. 2253-2264). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Abstract/PDF (Access restricted)

• Pattis, R (1981). Karel the Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Programming with Pascal, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

• Phelps, A. M., Egert, C. A., Bierre, K. J., and Parks, D. M. (2005). An open-source CVE for programming education: a case study. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses (Los Angeles, California, July 31 - August 04, 2005). J. Fujii, Ed. SIGGRAPH '05. ACM, New York, NY, 1. DOI:10.1145/1198555.1198686

• Prompramote, S., Blashki, K. & Goward, P. (2006). Design Guidelines For Children Programming In School Environment. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 2404-2409). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23345.

• Shanmugasundaram, V., Juell, P., Groesbeck, G. & Makosky, M. (2006). Evaluation of Alice World as an Introductory Programming Language. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 1976-1982). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23278.

• Smith, K.B. (1996). Guided Discovery, Visualization, and Technology Applied to the New Curriculum for Secondary Mathematics. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 15(4), 383-399. Charlottesville, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20960.

Fablabs, 3D printers and similar in education

• Dlodlo, Nomusa and Ronald Noel Beyers (2009). The Experiences of South-African High-School Girls in a Fab Lab Environment, Proceedings Of World Academy Of Science, Engineering And Technology Volume 37 January 2009 Issn 2070-3740. PDF Reprint

• Fadjo, C., Shin, J., Lu, M., Chan, M. & Black, J. (2008). Embodied Cognition and Video Game Programming. In J. Luca & E. Weippl (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 (pp. 5749-5756). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Abstract/PDF (Access restricted).

• Kafai, Y.B., Peppler, K.A., & Chin, G. (2007). High Tech Programmers in Low Income Communities: Creating a Computer Culture in a Community Technology Center. In C. Steinfeld, B. Pentland, M. Ackermann, & N. Contractor(Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conferenceon Communities and Technology(pp. 545-562). New York:Springer.

• Knapp M., Wolff R., Lipson H. (2008), "Developing printable content: A repository for printable teaching models", Proceedings of the 19th Annual Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin TX, Aug 2008. PDF.

• Eisenberg, M. and Buechley, L. (2008). Pervasive Fabrication: Making Construction Ubiquitous in Education Journal of Software, 3:4, pp. 62-68. PDF

• Regiec, A. (2005). Squeaking Their Way into Computer Technology: A Study of Middle School Girls and Creative Computer Programming. In P. Kommers & G. Richards (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005 (pp. 2311-2316). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20417.

• Wohlers, T. (2005). 3D Printing in Education: How High Schools, Colleges, and Universities Leverage 3D Printing Technology. Time-Compression Technologies, Sept/Oct 2005. HTML

Various

• Viteli, J. (2006). Learning with Sharing - Web 2.0. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 1332-1335). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23175.