3D printers in education

Draft

This article or section is currently under construction

In principle, someone is working on it and there should be a better version in a not so distant future.
If you want to modify this page, please discuss it with the person working on it (see the "history")

Introduction

I am going to focus on the idea that building 3D things may help to understand programming and mathematics behind 3D. - DKS

Teaching of design and fabrication

“Designing—giving form to new objects or environments—is largely a question of anticipating the workings of spatial and material environments, which can become ‘reality’ only by being built. Until ‘realized’, a design is essentially a figment of the designer's imagination, although his or her ideas may be laid down and conveyed to others via specialized design media. In this way, impressions of the design may be shared with clients, colleagues or other ‘actors’ in the design process.” (Breen et al., 2003).

Models for teaching

3D Printables wiki (Hod Lipson et al.) argue that “There is ample evidence that learning is enhanced through active experiences, especially when relating to spatial and physical concepts that are difficult to visualize and understand abstractly. Traditionally, dedicated educators would handcraft physical models to help demonstrate educational concepts, but such models are becoming increasingly rare due to the resources, skill and effort involved in making them, and the advent of cheaper and more flexible virtual models and computer simulations. Physical models can also aid visually impaired persons and help alleviate learning disparities associated with spatial reasoning. With the popularization of 3D-printing technologies, however, fabrication of physical models is becoming increasingly simple and readily accessible, thus enabling resurgence of this important educational medium.” (retrieved 18:00, 7 April 2010 (UTC))

This 3D printables wiki distinguishes between Kinematics Models, Mathematical Models, Molecular Biology Models, Chemistry Models, Archeological Models, Aeronautical Models and Anatomical Models (e.g. Messmer et al. 2006).

Teaching of 3D graphics and programming

“The algorithmic thinking inherent in computer programming is crucial to the development of understanding how information technologies work. Too often, however, teaching programming is not grounded in the student experience and the ability for novices to grasp basic computer programming concepts (Mayer, 1980) leads toessential barier of access. This barier can cause students to lose interest in learning how top rogram (Resnick et al., 2003) and, even in informal learning settings, can be limiting to the extent that cultural acceptance becomes stagnant and proliferation of a programming culture (Kafai et al., 2007) is dificult to attain.” (Fadjo et al., 2007).

Support for learning scenarios

.....

Educational play worlds

.....

Links

Other 3D-printing in education resources

• The Bits From Bytes (RapMan Wiki and Forum:
  • Rapman in Education
  • Teaching Resources
  • Links to Educational Films
  • Education Forum

• rapman-education’s posterous Blog by David White about Teaching and Learning resources for using RapMan in schools/colleges

Repositories

• Thingyverse (repository for printable models)

• 3dPrintables

Blog articles

• Three Advantages Of 3D Printing In Schools (2010).

Bibliography

(some of these will have to be moved to a teaching how to program piece ...)

• Andersen, D; C. Bennett, P. Huynh, L. Rassbach, S. Reardon, and M. Eisenberg (2005). Printing Out Trees: Toward the Design of Tangible Objects for Education, Proceedings of Education and Technology. PDF.

• Anderson Phil and Cherie Ann Sherman (2007). A discussion of new business models for 3D printing, International Journal of Technology Marketing, Volume 2, Number 3, 280 - 294.

• Breen Jack, Robert Nottrot, Martijn Stellingwerff (2003). Tangible virtuality--perceptions of computer-aided and physical modelling, Automation in Construction, Volume 12, Issue 6, Design e-ducation: Connecting the Real and the Virtual, November 2003, Pages 649-653, ISSN 0926-5805, DOI: 10.1016/S0926-5805(03)00053-0

• Brutzman, Don (2008). Computer graphics teaching support using X3D: extensible 3D graphics for web authors, ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 courses, p.1-335, December 10-13, DOI:10.1145/1508044.1508067

• Charlesworth, Chris (2007). Student Use of Virtual and Physical Modelling in Design Development - An Experiment in 3D Design Education, The Design Journal, Volume 10, Number 1, March 2007 , pp. 35-45(11). Abstract

• Chan, M., Black, J., Han, I.S., Vitale, J., Xia, Q., Subramanian, M., Du, M. & Kang, S. (2007). "Look, it's turning!" Factors Affecting Structural and Functional Knowledge Acquistion in an Elementary School Robotics Classroom. In C. Montgomerie & J. Seale (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2007 (pp. 1626-1631). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.

Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/25589.

• Chittaro Luca and Roberto Ranon, Adaptive Hypermedia Techniques for 3D Educational Virtual Environments, IEEE Intelligent Systems, v.22 n.4, p.31-37, July 2007 doi:10.1109/MIS.2007.63

• Chittaro Luca and Roberto Ranon, (2008). An adaptive 3D virtual environment for learning the X3D language, Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, Abstract, PDF (Access restricted)

• Cliff Dave; Claire O'Malley and Josie Taylor (2008). Future issues in socio-technical change for UK education, Beyond Current Horizons, Report commissioned by the UK Department for Children, Schools and Families. PDF

• Cohen, H.G. (1983). A comparison of the affect of two types of student behavior with manipulatives on the development of projective spatial structures. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 20(9), 875-883

• Cooper, S., Dann, W., & Pausch, R. (2000). Alice: a 3-D tool for introductory programming concepts. Journal of Computing in Small Colleges, 15(5), 107-116

• Csanyi, G.S., Reichl, F. & Jerlich, J. (2007). New Teaching Strategies and the Interaction between Continuing Engineering Education and Regular Engineering Study Programmes. In C. Montgomerie & J. Seale (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2007 (pp. 2780-2785). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.

Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/25763.

• Dlodlo, Nomusa and Ronald Noel Beyers (2009). The Experiences of South-African High-School Girls in a Fab Lab Environment, Proceedings Of World Academy Of Science, Engineering And Technology Volume 37 January 2009 Issn 2070-3740. PDF Reprint

• Fadjo, C., Shin, J., Lu, M., Chan, M. & Black, J. (2008). Embodied Cognition and Video Game Programming. In J. Luca & E. Weippl (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 (pp. 5749-5756). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Abstract/PDF (Access restricted).

• Greer, J. & Sherrell, L. (2005). Using AgentSheets to Introduce the List Data Structure. In P. Kommers & G. Richards (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005 (pp. 3129-3134). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20562.

• Jensen, Daniel; Chris Randell, John Feland and Martin Bowe (2002). A Study Of Rapid Prototyping For Use In Undergraduate Design Education, Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. PDF

• Kafai, Y.B., Peppler, K.A., & Chin, G. (2007). High Tech Programmers in Low Income Communities: Creating a Computer Culture in a Community Technology Center. In C. Steinfeld, B. Pentland, M. Ackermann, & N. Contractor(Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conferenceon Communities and Technology(pp. 545-562). New York:Springer.

• Kagawa, K. (2005). Generating Teaching Materials with Graphical Mini-languages for Multiple Programming Paradigms. In P. Kommers & G. Richards (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005 (pp. 3469-3474). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.

Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20617.

• Knapp M., Wolff R., Lipson H. (2008), "Developing printable content: A repository for printable teaching models", Proceedings of the 19th Annual Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin TX, Aug 2008. PDF.

• Eisenberg, M. and Buechley, L. (2008). Pervasive Fabrication: Making Construction Ubiquitous in Education Journal of Software, 3:4, pp. 62-68. PDF

• Govender, I. & Grayson, D. (2006). Learning to program and learning to teach programming: A closer look. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 1687-1693). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23232.

• Jensen, Daniel; Chris Randell, John Feland, Martin Bowe (2002). A Study Of Rapid Prototyping For Use In Undergraduate Design Education, Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition. PDF

• Lillard, A. and Else-Quest, N. (2006) The Early Years: Evaluating Montessori Education Science, Vol. 313. no. 5795, pp. 1893 - 1894

• Mayer, R. E. (1981). The Psychologyof How Novices Learn Computer Programming, Asociation for National Research Council Committee on Information Technology Literacy. (1999). Being fluentwith information technology. Washington, DC:NationalAcademyPress.

• Messmer Peter, Felix Matthews, Augustinus Ludwig Jacob, Ron Kikinis, Pietro Regazzoni and Hansruedi Noser (2006), A CT Database for Research, Development and Education: Concept and Potential, Journal of Digital Imaging 20 (1), 17-22. Abstract/PDF/HTML

• Mimoto, Y. & Kagawa, K. (2008). A Framework for Web-based Applications for Learning Programming using Eclipse RCP. In J. Luca & E. Weippl (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 (pp. 2253-2264). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Abstract/PDF (Access restricted)

• Pattis, R (1981). Karel the Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Programming with Pascal, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

• Piajet. J (1973). To Understand is to Invent: The Future of Education. Grossman, New York.

• Phelps, A. M., Egert, C. A., Bierre, K. J., and Parks, D. M. (2005). An open-source CVE for programming education: a case study. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses (Los Angeles, California, July 31 - August 04, 2005). J. Fujii, Ed. SIGGRAPH '05. ACM, New York, NY, 1. DOI:10.1145/1198555.1198686

• Prompramote, S., Blashki, K. & Goward, P. (2006). Design Guidelines For Children Programming In School Environment. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 2404-2409). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.

Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23345.

• Regiec, A. (2005). Squeaking Their Way into Computer Technology: A Study of Middle School Girls and Creative Computer Programming. In P. Kommers & G. Richards (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2005 (pp. 2311-2316). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20417.

• Resnick, Mitchel; Amy Bruckman , Fred Martin (1996). Pianos not stereos: creating computational construction kits, interactions, v.3 n.5, p.40-50, Sept./Oct. 1996 [1]

• Resnick, M., Kafai, Y., Maloney, J., Rusk, N., Burd, L., &Silverman, B. (2003). A Networked, Media-Rich Programming Environment to Enhance Technological Fluency at After-School Centers in Economicaly-Disadvantaged Communities. Proposal to National ScienceFoundation.

• Shanmugasundaram, V., Juell, P., Groesbeck, G. & Makosky, M. (2006). Evaluation of Alice World as an Introductory Programming Language. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 1976-1982). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23278.

• Shih, Naai-Jung (2006). RP-aided computer modeling for architectural education, Computers & Graphics, Volume 30, Issue 1, February 2006, Pages 137-144, ISSN 0097-8493, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2005.10.014 DOI: 10.1016/j.cag.2005.10.014]

• Smith, K.B. (1996). Guided Discovery, Visualization, and Technology Applied to the New Curriculum for Secondary Mathematics. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 15(4), 383-399. Charlottesville, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/20960.

• Wohlers, T. (2005). 3D Printing in Education: How High Schools, Colleges, and Universities Leverage 3D Printing Technology.â Time-Compression Technologies, Sept/Oct 2005. HTML

• Viteli, J. (2006). Learning with Sharing - Web 2.0. In E. Pearson & P. Bohman (Eds.), Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2006 (pp. 1332-1335). Chesapeake, VA: AACE. Retrieved from http://www.editlib.org/p/23175.