XSLT for compound documents tutorial

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Draft

Introduction

Learning goals
  • Learn how to create XSLT that can handle XML documents that combine several vocabulariescombined XHTML/SVG/MathML/etc documents
Prerequisites
Level and target population
  • Intermediate XML/XSLT users
Remarks
  • This tutorial provides a short overview about XSLT dealing with several XML namespaces. It includes minimal knowledge needed for an XML class. Most parts also can be used in introductory web technologies class.

Introduction

XSLT can handle XML documents that include more than one namespace.

Principles:

  • Declare the same namespaces on top of the XSLT stylesheet
  • Declare even the default namespace (e.g. XHTML)
  • Each XPath expression must use a prefix !
  • Strip the output from prefixes if you produce XHTML

Examples

XHTML with RDF, Dublin core and our own soup

Tested on April 2013 with IE9 and Firefox 20 under Windows 7. In principle, this should work with all modern browsers ....

Life files:

XML input: 

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

<?xml-stylesheet href="compound-cd-list.xsl" version="1.0" type="text/xsl"?>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
	<head>
		<title>Compound XML document demo</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" 
			     xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
			<dc:Description rdf:about="http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/XSLT_for_compound_documents_tutorial">
				<dc:title>XSLT for compound documents demo</dc:title>
				<dc:creator>DKS</dc:creator>
				<dc:format>XHTML + private XML + DC</dc:format>
				<dc:rights>Free as in free beer</dc:rights>
			</dc:Description>
		</rdf:RDF>
		<p>This is an XML document with a compound vocabulary, 
		   i.e. XHMTL + CD-list + Dublin Core metadata.
		   Read the <a href="http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/XSLT_for_compound_documents_tutorial">XSLT for compound documents tutorial</a></p>
		<p>Stuff below belongs to a "my" namespace. Stuff at the bottom are "dc" contents. Output is ugly, no time for styling - DKS/4/2013.</p>
		<hr/>
		<my:cd-list xmlns:my="http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/XML">
			<my:title>My (reduced) Hard Bop list</my:title>
			<my:cd>
				<my:artist>John Coltrane</my:artist>
				<my:title>Blue Train</my:title>
				<my:genre>Jazz</my:genre>
				<my:description>From Wikipedia: ...... </my:description>
				<my:track-list>
					<my:track no="1">
						<my:title>Blue Train</my:title>
						<my:artist>John coltrane</my:artist>
						<my:genre>Blues</my:genre>
					</my:track>
					<my:track no="2">
						<my:title>Moment's Notice</my:title>
						<my:artist>John coltrane</my:artist>
						<my:genre>Hard Bop</my:genre>
					</my:track>
				</my:track-list>
			</my:cd>
			<my:cd>
				<my:artist>Art Blakey</my:artist>
				<my:title>Moanin'</my:title>
			</my:cd>
		</my:cd-list>
	</body>
</html>

XSLT input: 

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" 
	xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
	xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" 
	xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" 
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" 
	xmlns:my="http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/XML" 
	version="1.0">
	
	<xsl:output method="xml" 
		doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" 
		doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" indent="yes"/>

	<xsl:template match="h:html">
		<html>
			<head>
				<title>
					<xsl:value-of select="h:head/h:title"/>
				</title>
			</head>
			<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
				<xsl:apply-templates select="h:body"/>
			</body>
		</html>
	</xsl:template>
	
	<xsl:template match="h:body">
		<!-- for all HTML tags -->
		<xsl:apply-templates select="h:*"/>
		<!-- CD list will come first -->
		<xsl:apply-templates select="my:cd-list"/>
		<!-- Metadata at the end, skip the RDF part -->
		<xsl:apply-templates select="rdf:RDF/dc:Description"/>
	</xsl:template>
	
	<!-- CD list contents -->
	<xsl:template match="my:cd-list">
		<h1><xsl:value-of select="my:title"/></h1>
		<xsl:apply-templates select="my:cd"/>
	</xsl:template>
	
	<xsl:template match="my:cd">
		<h3><xsl:value-of select="my:artist"/>: 
		    <xsl:value-of select="my:title"/> - 
		    <xsl:value-of select="my:genre"/>
		</h3>
		<p><xsl:value-of select="my:description"/></p>
		<xsl:apply-templates select="my:track-list"/>
	</xsl:template>
	
	<xsl:template match="my:track-list">
        <ol>
		<xsl:apply-templates select="my:track"/>
		</ol>
	</xsl:template>
		<xsl:template match="my:track">
        <li>
 	      <xsl:value-of select="my:title"/> -
 	      <xsl:value-of select="my:artist"/> -
 	      <xsl:value-of select="my:genre"/>
		</li>
	</xsl:template>
	
	
	<!-- metadata -->
	<xsl:template match="rdf:RDF/dc:Description">
	    <hr/>
	     <p style="font-size:60%;">Meta data:
	     Title:<xsl:value-of select="dc:title"/> -
	     Creator: <xsl:value-of select="dc:creator"/> -
	     Format: <xsl:value-of select="dc:format"/> -
	     Copyright: <xsl:value-of select="dc:rights"/>
	     </p>
	</xsl:template>	
	
  <!-- HTML tags and contents are just copied -->
	
  <xsl:template match="h:*">
     <xsl:copy>
         <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/>
       <xsl:apply-templates/>
     </xsl:copy>
   </xsl:template>
   
</xsl:stylesheet>

Links

XSLT and namespaces
RDF and Dublin Core (older version)
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