Usability testing

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Introduction

Usability tests - also called user tests, diagnostic evaluation - measure whether users can get a task done, e.g. finding information, signing up, buying something. Such tests are conducted with a smaller set of representative users, i.e. for an e-learning platform testing, one would select students and teachers.

Typically, participants will have a solve a few tasks in a session, e.g. 6 tasks in an hour.

According to usabilityfirst.com, “tasks should represent the most common user goals (e.g. recovering a lost password) and/or the most important conversion goals from the website or application owner’s perspective. [..] On a website or web application, a conversion is any action taken by a user that satisfies the website owner’s business goals. Common examples include signing up for an email newsletter, making a purchase, or viewing an important web page.” (retrieved March 13 2011).

User actions are recorded in various ways, e.g. an expert may observe user action and enter summary data (such as "missed") into an application. In more sophisticated setups, users are videotaped from two angles, screen action is recorded, etc.

Method

Low cost

• Sit next to the participant and read out a task

• Do not help the participant, just observe and give some non-committal feedback like "go on" "thank you".

• If you don't work with a real usability lab setup (video-taping, observers, etc.) then write down important events, i.e. critical incidents and successes.

Thinking aloud

• In order to learn something about the user's mental model and decision making processes, ask the user to "think aloud" what he is thinking/doing.

• This requires screen action recording with audio-taping.

Other methods

For more methods, see: Usability Evaluation Methods - Testing at usabilityhome.com

Links

Introductions and tutorials

• Usability Testing. A short introduction at usabilityfirst.com

• Diagnostic evaluation at usabilitynet.net.

Standards

• ANSI/INCITS-354 Common Industry Format (CIF) for Usability Test Reports
  • Common Industry Format - Usability Reporting Elements. This is a sort of lookup / example of all elements that would enter a full usability report in CIF format.

Bibliographies

For popular standard works, see the essential Interaction design, user experience and usability bibliography.

• Jarrett, Caroline, Better Reports: How To Communicate The Results Of Usability Testing Proceedings of STC 51st Annual Conference, Society for Technical Communication, Baltimore, MD., May 9-12, 2004

• Butler, K.; Wichansky, A.; Laskowski, S. J.; Morse, E. L.; Scholtz, J. C., The Common Industry Format: A Way for Vendors and Customers to Talk About Software Usability Computer-Human Interaction Conference September 8-12, 2003 , Bath, England - September 01, 2003