Pedagogic strategy: Difference between revisions

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{{comment | [[User:DSchneider|DSchneider]] 21:58, 2 May 2006 (MEST) is unhappy about this concept. Maybe we should factor out pedagogic methods and just clarify the difference between instructional design models, pedagogical theory and strategies ...}}


== Definition ==
== Definition ==
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# [[Pedagogic method]]s that are part of a wider design and that we discuss elsewhere.
# [[Pedagogic method]]s that are part of a wider design and that we discuss elsewhere.


Effective course designs (or teachers) use a whole array of different teaching strategies or methods.
Effective course designs (or teachers) may make use of different teaching strategies or methods.


According to Dick et al. (2001) {{quotation | instructional strategy is used generally to cover the various aspects of sequencing and  organizing the content, specifying learning activities, and deciding how to deliver the content and activities’ (p. 184).}}
According to Dick et al. (2001) {{quotation | instructional strategy is used generally to cover the various aspects of sequencing and  organizing the content, specifying learning activities, and deciding how to deliver the content and activities’ (p. 184).}}
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Note, that these concepts also may represent [[learning theories]]. There is an overlap between theories that explain how people learn and how one could bring people to learn. This is particularly true regarding larger families of thought like [[constructivism]].
Note, that these concepts also may represent [[learning theories]]. There is an overlap between theories that explain how people learn and how one could bring people to learn. This is particularly true regarding larger families of thought like [[constructivism]].
== Typologies of pedagogic methods ==
An instructional design usually makes use of several kinds of pedagogic methods which are combined into some coherent story-board ([[pedagogical scenario]]).
There exist several kinds of attemps to create typologies. Some are easier to undestand than others.
Khan's (2000) [http://bookstoread.com/framework list of methods and strategies] focusses on 20 major "natural types" that he develops under the header "pedagogical" in his eight-components framework for e-leanirng:
# Presentation
# Exhibits
# Demonstration
# Drill and Practice
# Tutorials
# Games
# Story Telling
# Simulations
# Role-playing
# Discussion
# Interaction
# Modeling
# Facilitation
# Collaboration
# Debate
# Field Trips
# Apprenticeship
# Case Studies
# Generative Development
# Motivation
Here we have a typology from a [http://enap.uquebec.ca/seminaires-nov98/cahierdu.htm seminar on teaching methods] in public management.
# Les méthodes basées sur l'exposé
##L'exposé magistral
##Le co-enseignement
##Le recours à un conférencier invité
##Le panel
##Les exposés des participants
# Les méthodes basée sur la discussion
##Les techniques questions-réponses
##La discussion en grand groupe
##La discussion en petit groupe
##L'étude de cas (à venir)
##Les débats
##Les rencontres individuelles
# Les méthodes basées sur les documents écrits
##Les lectures complémentaires
##Le manuel de formation
##L'enseignement programmé
# Les méthodes basées sur la mise en pratique et la rétroaction
##La prise de notes
##Les questions complémentaires
##Les exercices
##Les démonstrations
##Les jeux de rôle
##Les simulations
##Les techniques d'enquête et d'auto-diagnostic
##Les tests
##Les visites
# Les méthodes basées sur le modelage du comportement
##Le coaching et le mentorat
##Le stage d'apprentissage
##Le recours à la rotation (job rotation)
##L'auto-apprentissage
##Le service conseil
#Les méthodes basées sur l'utilisation des technologies
##Les cassettes audio
##Les cassettes vidéo
##Le recours à l'ordinateur
##La télé-conférence
##Les disques optiques


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 14:38, 20 May 2006

Draft

Definition

Pedagogic Strategies can be defined at 3 levels:

  1. General instructional designs
  2. Designs applied to a teaching/learning unit (e.g. a lesson or a course module)
  3. Pedagogic methods that are part of a wider design and that we discuss elsewhere.

Effective course designs (or teachers) may make use of different teaching strategies or methods.

According to Dick et al. (2001) “instructional strategy is used generally to cover the various aspects of sequencing and organizing the content, specifying learning activities, and deciding how to deliver the content and activities’ (p. 184).”

Major Schools of Instructional Designs

this section remains to be written, below is just a little "stub"

Instructional design draws a lot from general pedagogical theory.

There are some major schools of thought (some more operational than others) that we describe in the following articles.

Note, that these concepts also may represent learning theories. There is an overlap between theories that explain how people learn and how one could bring people to learn. This is particularly true regarding larger families of thought like constructivism.

References

  • Chamberland, G., L. Lavoie et D. Marquis (1995). 20 formules pédagogiques, Sainte-Foy: Presses universitaires du Québec.
  • Kahn, Badrul H. A Framework for Web-Based Learning, in Khan, B.H. (ed) Web-Based Training ISBN 0-87778-303-9
  • Séminaire sur les méthodes d'enseignement (1999) La didactique internationale en management public [1]
  • Joyce, B., Weil, M., Calhoun, E. : Models of teaching, 6th edition, Allyn & Bacon, 2000. ISBN 0205389279
  • Reeves, T.C., Reeves, P.M., Effective Dimensions of Interactive Learning on the World Wide Web, in Web-Based Instruction, Englewood Cliffs N.J. : Educational Technology Publications, 1998
  • Van Wart, Montgomery, N. Joseph Cayer, et Steeve Cook; Handbook of Training and Developement for the Public Sector; San Francisco, CA; Jossey-Bass; 1993

(need some more),,

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