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• Einstein's theory of gravity  +
• Fritz Zwicky realized that massive galaxies (which can contain anywhere from ten million to a hundred trillion stars) or clusters of galaxies could be used to magnify distant galaxies that conventional telescopes couldn’t detect. As you can see  +
• General Relativity  +
• and how it is arranged. It’s one of the few ways we have of mapping out where the dark matter in the universe is  +
• and mostly do  +
• as they formed stars and started to take o … as they formed stars and started to take on the familiar shapes we see nearby.</br></br>Observations of the distorted background galaxy can also give us useful information about the object that is behaving as a gravitational lens. The separation and distortion of the lensed images can tell astronomers how much mass there is in the objectomers how much mass there is in the object  +
• distort them as well. When one of these gravitational lenses happens to sit right in front of a background galaxy  +
• giving us a zoomed-in view of the distant universe  +
• how clumpy it is and how dense it is near the centers of galaxies. Knowing this can provide crucial information about how galaxies evolve.  +
• just at that particular point. Lenses can help us investigate young galaxies more than halfway across the universe  +
• made a remarkable prediction. Massive objects  +
• not unlike a conventional magnifying glass  +
• such as stars  +
• the magnification factor can be up to x10 or even more  +
• these gravitational lenses not only magnify and focus the light of the distant background galaxies but they can  +
• when during a solar eclipse he observed that stars near the edge of the Sun appeared to be slightly out of position. The Sun was behaving like the lens in a magnifying glass and bending the light from the background stars! In 1937  +
• would bend the space around them such that passing light rays follow curved paths. Evidence for this revolutionary theory was first obtained by Arthur Eddington in 1919  +