biorousso - Contributions [fr]

OHS 2019 Chap3

2019-05-28T08:50:45Z

MichelF : /* Chap_3 Final questions */

*Why is the study of Australopithecus in the field of Human evolution?
*How is it possible to know, thanks to only one bone or some fragments of skull, whether it's a new species or an individual of an already known species?
*With fossils, how do we make the difference between two individuals of two different species and two individuals of the same species but with different anatomical features?
*Why did we find more fossils and more complete fossils of Au. afarensis than other Australopithecus?
*How do you define that all the species mentioned in this chapter belong to the genus Australopithecus? Does Kenyanthropus platyops belong to the Australopithecus genus or not?
*Why did sexual dismorphism decrease during evolution?
*Why did the brow bridge "disappear" over time?
*Why is there a strong focus on teeth evolution? Can we consider that they evolve in a relatively fast manner?
*Why are tools important? How do they help with survival?
*Is the evolution of teeth related to the use of tools?
*How are we sure that the skeletons were recomposed correctly?

=Chap_3 Final questions=
*Imagine that a new hominin fossil is discovered. Knowing that this new fossil is relatively incomplete (only few bones or some fragments of skull), how can scientists be sure that this individual belong to a new species or not?
*Could you explain why there is such a strong focus on teeth evolution in your book?
*Why did sexual dismorphism decrease during evolution? (indeed, we noticed in your book that there is a strong dismorphism in apes, such as gorillas, whereas in hominins it tended to reduce over time ; today, Homo sapiens has a low sexual dismorphism)
*Could you specify why the study of Australopithecus is so important in the field of Human evolution?
 
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OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:39:01Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact with each other? Or did they all live in separate territories?

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' belonged to the "Paranthropus" genus just by looking at its skull ?

* How come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show that particular caracteristic, why does that crest appear only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do scientists know if two species lived in the same place at the same time, when they find them in the same place? How do archaeologists overcome these complications?

 
----
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OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:32:42Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact with each other? Or did they all live in separate territories?

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' belonged to the "Paranthropus" genus just by looking at its skull ?

* How come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show that particular caracteristic, why does that crest appear only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?

 
----
*retour à [[Our_Human_Story_2019]] 
*retour à [[Accueil]]

OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:31:38Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact with each other? Or did they all live in separate territories?

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' belonged to the "Paranthropus" genus just by looking at its skull ?

* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show that particular caracteristic, why does that crest appear only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?

 
----
*retour à [[Our_Human_Story_2019]] 
*retour à [[Accueil]]

OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:25:01Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact with each other? Or did they all live in separate territories?

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' belonged to the "Paranthropus" genus just by looking at its skull ?

* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?

 
----
*retour à [[Our_Human_Story_2019]] 
*retour à [[Accueil]]

OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:21:16Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact with each other? Or did they all live in separate territories?

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull and how did this individual end up in the ''Paranthropus'' genus?

* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?

 
----
*retour à [[Our_Human_Story_2019]] 
*retour à [[Accueil]]

OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:20:16Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact? Or did they all live in separate territories? We were also wondering wether these species interacted between each other.

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull and how did this individual end up in the ''Paranthropus'' genus?

* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?

 
----
*retour à [[Our_Human_Story_2019]] 
*retour à [[Accueil]]

OHS 2019 Chap4

2019-05-28T08:16:33Z

MichelF : /* Chap_4 Final questions */

*How did ''Paranthropus'' become extinct and how can you be certain? (p.71)
*How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull? (p.79)
*How could researchers know that ''Homo habilis'' made the earliest tools? (p.79)
*How did you know that the individual ''P.Brosei'' found in 2013 weighed 46kg? (p.80)
*Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? (p.81)
* "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species."(p.81) How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?
*You explain that the Paranthropus may have become extinct because of their specialized diet. What was their diet and how were scientists able to determine it? (p.71)
* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)
* What is your hypothesis about Austrolopithecus and Paranthropus coexistance? Do you think these sympatric species lived up and close to each other or were always falling back due to their diets?

=Chap_4 Final questions=

* Since the ''Paranthropus'' lived alongside other species, did these species interact or did they all have their own territories and did not cross paths? We were also wondering wether these species interacted between each other.

* On page 79 it is written: "The formal number for the first Olduvai cranium is OH5, but it has been known by a series of nicknames including Dear Boy, Nutcracker Man and Zinj, and is now placed in the genus ''Paranthropus''." How was Louis Leakey certain that ''Zinjanthropus boisei'' was a new genus and species just by looking at a skull and how did this individual end up in the ''Paranthropus'' genus?

* One aspect I find very interesting is: how come the Paranthropus aethiopicus/robustus/boisei evolved to represent a sagittal crest? Also, being the only lineages who show this particular caracteristic how did they evolve to prenet this crest only in males? (sexual dismorphism)

*On page 81 it is written: "The occurence of fossils from more than one species at a single site does not necessarily mean that they were there at the same time. It does nevertheless make life more complicated for archaeologists, because isolated bones cannot always be allocated to a particular species." How do you know when two species were present at the same time? How do archaeologists overcome these complications and when can isolated bones not be allocated to a specific species?

 
----
*retour à [[Our_Human_Story_2019]] 
*retour à [[Accueil]]