Cultural competence/Measurement of Horizontal and Vertical Individualism and Collectivism

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Items for the Measurement of Horizontal and Vertical Individualism and Collectivism[1][2]

Vertical Individualism (a = .82)

  • It annoys me when other people perform better than I do.
  • Competition is the law of nature.
  • When another person does better than I do, I get tense and aroused.
  • Without competition, it is not possible to have a good society.
  • Winning is everything.
  • It is important that I do my job better than others.
  • I enjoy working in situations involving competition with others.
  • Some people emphasize winning; I'm not one of them (and vice versa)

Vertical collectivism (a = .73)

  • I would do what would please my family, even if I detested that activity.
  • I usually sacrifice my self-interest for the benefit of my group.
  • We should keep our aging parents with us at home.
  • I would sacrifice an activity that I enjoy very much if my family did not approve of it.
  • Children should be taught to place duty before pleasure.
  • It is important to me that I respect the decisions made by my groups.
  • Self-sacrifice is a virtue.
  • It annoys me if I have to sacrifice activities that I enjoy to help others (reverse scoring).

HorizontalIndividualism(a = .81 )

  • I often do "my own thing."
  • Being a unique individual is important to me.
  • I'd rather depend on myself than on others.
  • I rely on myself most of the time; I rarely rely on others.
  • My personal identity, independent from others, is very important to me.
  • I am a unique person, separate from others.
  • I enjoy being unique and different from others.

Horizontal Collectivism (a = .80)

  • The well-being of my coworkers is important to me.
  • If a coworker gets a prize, I would feel proud.
  • If a relative were in financial difficulty, I would help within my means.
  • It is important to me to maintain harmony within my group.
  • I like sharing little things with my neighbors.
  • It is important to consult close friends and get their ideas before making a decision.
  1. Singelis, T; H. C. Triandis, D. Bhawuk, and M. Gelfand (1995). "Horizontal and Vertical Individualism and Collectivism: A Theoretical and Methodological Refinement" (Table 4), by Cross-CulturalPsychology, 29, pp. 240-275.
  2. Triandis, H. (1996) “The Psychological Measurement of Cultural Syndromes.” American Psychologist. 51.4 (1996): 407-415. PDF reprint